SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260172195
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 16, Problem 16RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The autonomic nervous system is controlled by the central nervous system, which helps in maintaining homeostasis. The parasympathetic division helps in regulating the body structure during resting time whereas; sympathetic division helps in regulating the body structure during exercise time. They are present in a different location in the body, such as preganglionic neuron and autonomic ganglia.
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A sudden increase in blood pressurea. initiates a sympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate.b. initiates a local reflex that decreases heart rate.c. initiates a parasympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate.d. Both a and b are correct.e. Both b and c are correct.
Which of the following would NOT result from an increase in sympathetic stimulation of the heart?
A
increased force of ventricular contraction
B
increased calcium concentration in the fluid surrounding the actin and myosin during contraction
C
increased heart rate
D
increased number of motor units activated
E
increased cardiac output
Parasympathetic nerves _____.
A
cause smooth muscle in blood vessel walls to contract
B
cause smooth muscle in blood vessel walls to relax
C
have no role in the innervation of blood vessels
Chapter 16 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 16.1 - Describe the function of ANS.Ch. 16.1 - List the divisions of the ANS. Under what...Ch. 16.2 - Contrast the somatic nervous system with the ANS...Ch. 16.2 - Differentiate between preganglionic neurons and...Ch. 16.2 - Why are sensory neurons not classified as somatic...Ch. 16.3 - Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic...Ch. 16.3 - What types of axons (preganglionic or...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 16.3 - Describe the lengths of the preganglionic and...Ch. 16.3 - From what are sympathetic autonomic nerve plexuses...Ch. 16.3 - Describe the four major ways by which sympathetic...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 22AYPCh. 16.4 - Give two exceptions to the generalization that...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 24AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 26AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 27AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 16.4 - In what two ways are adrenergic receptors...Ch. 16.5 - Describe the autonomic reflex that maintains blood...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 32AYPCh. 16.5 - Prob. 33AYPCh. 16.6 - Prob. 34AYPCh. 16.6 - Prob. 35AYPCh. 16.6 - Prob. 36AYPCh. 16.6 - Prob. 37AYPCh. 16 - Given these phrases: (1) neuron cell bodies in the...Ch. 16 - Given these structures: (1) collateral ganglion...Ch. 16 - The white ramus communicans contains a....Ch. 16 - Prob. 4RACCh. 16 - Prob. 5RACCh. 16 - Prob. 6RACCh. 16 - Prob. 7RACCh. 16 - Which of these is not a part of the enteric...Ch. 16 - Sympathetic axons reach organs through all of the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10RACCh. 16 - Prob. 11RACCh. 16 - Prob. 12RACCh. 16 - When acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors....Ch. 16 - Prob. 14RACCh. 16 - Prob. 15RACCh. 16 - Prob. 16RACCh. 16 - Prob. 17RACCh. 16 - Prob. 1CTCh. 16 - Prob. 2CTCh. 16 - Prob. 3CTCh. 16 - Prob. 4CTCh. 16 - Epinephrine is routinely mixed with local...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6CTCh. 16 - Prob. 7CTCh. 16 - Prob. 8CT
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- During surgery, the right vagus nerve was accidently cut. Explain the effect on the heart rate. a. There is no change to the heart rate because the vagus nerve does not innervate the heart. b. The heart rate increases to the inherent rhythm of SA nodal cells. c. The heart stops beating, and the heart rate becomes zero. d. The heart rate decreases to the inherent rhythm of SA nodal cells.arrow_forwardIncreased action potentials from the sympathetic nervous system would cause which of the following? a. release of acetylcholine at sinuatrial nodal cells b. release of acetylcholine at cardiac muscle cells c. increased strength of contraction d. decreased heart ratearrow_forwardParasympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node ______. A is necessary; without it the heart would stop beating B lowers the heart rate C increases the heart rate D does not occur; the heart receives no neural stimulationarrow_forward
- Why is blood pressure high just after waking up? a. due to normal body circadian rhythm b. body releases hormones in the morning such as adrenaline and noradrenaline which boosts of energy but raises blood pressure c. both a and b are correct d. none of these choices are correctarrow_forwardIf blood pressure was to drop, how is the signal transmitted to the central nervous system? a) The baroreceptors decrease the generation of action potentials below their normal level. b) The glassopharyngeal nerve increases the transmission of action potentials, while the vagus nerve does not. c) The baroreceptors increases the generation of action potentials past their normal level. d) The glassopharyngeal nerve decreases the transmission of action potentials, while the vagus nerve does not.arrow_forwardThe effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons on the heart can best be described as a. antagonistic b. identical c. cooperative d. adrenergicarrow_forward
- Compared to the ventricles, the atria ____. A do not contract as many times per minute B contract more times per minute C have thinner walls and are much weaker D "have a smaller volume, but contracts with much more force"arrow_forwardSympathetic stimulation to lung tissue A. Causes activation of beta2 receptors which contract smooth muscles of airways. B. Causes activation of beta1 receptors which relax smooth muscles of airways C. Causes activation of beta2 receptors which relax smooth muscles of airways. D. Causes activation of beta1 receptors which contract smooth muscles of airwaysarrow_forwardWhy might the increase in heart rate associated with a vigorous exercise program be the cause of his becoming unconscious? a. increase in blood pressure throughout the body b. failure of the conduction system c. increase in return volume of blood to the heart d. coronary blood flow reduction due to tachycardiaarrow_forward
- In some reptiles, the two layers of dura mater fuse together in the brain. What is a likely consequence of this finding? Group of answer choices a. Because the two layers are fused, it will form a stronger blood-brain barrier. b. Arteries are not able to pass through the two layers, so they must be rerouted around the dura mater. c. With no space between layers, blood cannot be collected here for return to the venous system. d. There will be increased damage to the tissue compared to mammals because in mammals, serous fluid between the layers reduces friction.arrow_forwardIf the sinoatrial node stopped generating action potentials the heart would _____. A stop beating because the sinoatrial node is the heart's pacemaker B beat with a slower frequency due to the spontaneous depolarization of the AV node C go into fibrillation immediately because the heart cells would no longer function in a coordinated rhythm D continue to beat normally because the sympathetic neurons going to the cardiomyocytes would initiate the depolarizationarrow_forwardThe atrioventricular node is located in the: A. right atrium B. right ventricle C. septum between the right and left atrium D. juncture between the right atrium and ventricle Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons release NT that binds to: A. nicotinic acetylcholine ligand-gated receptors B. muscarinic acetylcholine GPCRs C. beta-1 norepinephrine GPCRs D. norepinephrine ligand-gated receptorsarrow_forward
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