Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 24P
You are studying similarities and differences in how organisms respond to high salt concentrations and high temperatures. You begin your investigation by using microarrays to compare gene expression patterns of S. cerevisiae in normal growth conditions, in
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Microarrays can be used to determine relative levels of gene expression. In one type of microarray, hybridization of red (experimental) and green (control) labeled cDNAs is proportional to the relative amounts of mRNA in the samples. Red indicates the overexpression of a gene and green indicates the underexpression of a gene in the experimental cells relative to the control cells, yellow indicates equal expression in experimental and control cells, and no color indicates no expression in either experimental or control cells.
Which of the following statements about qPCR is true?
a. The Ct value is generally directly proportional to the level of gene expression
b.The intensity of fluorescence signal is generally inversely proportional to the level of gene expression
c.The Ct value is generally inversely proportional to the level of gene expression
d.The intensity of fluorescence signal is generally directly proportional to the level of gene expression
In times of nutrient stress, the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum develops one of two cell types: pre-stalk and pre-spore. Scientists studying this development discovered that the pH of individual cells regulates the type of cell that is formed.
Which of the following claims could scientists make about how environmental cues affect the gene expression of Dictyostelium discoideum?
A - A response to nutrient deprivation leads to a change in pH that causes mutation in the cells, forming the different cell types.
B - A response to nutrient deprivation leads to a change in pH that disrupts the cells, forcing them to develop into certain cell types.
C - A response to environmental stress leads to a change in pH that triggers transcription factors to differentiate the cell type that will be formed.
D - A response to environmental stress leads to a change in pH and a decrease in transcription factors that differentiate the cell type that will be formed.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 16 - You have discovered a new species of Archaea from...Ch. 16 - 16.2 Repetitive DNA poses problems for genome...Ch. 16 - 16.3 When the whole-genome shotgun sequence of the...Ch. 16 - How do cDNA sequences facilitate gene annotation?...Ch. 16 - 16.5 How do comparisons between genomes of related...Ch. 16 - 16.6 You are designing algorithms for the...Ch. 16 - 16.7 You have sequenced a region of the Bacillus...Ch. 16 - You have just obtained 100-kb of genomic sequence...Ch. 16 - 16.9 The human genome contains a large number of...Ch. 16 - Based on the tree of life in Figure 16.12, would...
Ch. 16 - 16.11 When comparing genes from two sequenced...Ch. 16 - 16.12 What is a reference genome? How can it be...Ch. 16 - Prob. 13PCh. 16 - Prob. 14PCh. 16 - 16.16 Consider the phylogenetic tree below with...Ch. 16 - You have isolated a gene that is important for the...Ch. 16 - 16.18 When the human genome is examined, the...Ch. 16 - Symbiodinium minutum is a dinoflagellate with a...Ch. 16 - Substantial fractions of the genomes of many...Ch. 16 - 16.21 A modification of the system, called the ...Ch. 16 - 16.22 A substantial fraction of almost every...Ch. 16 - 16.23 In the globin gene family shown in Figure ,...Ch. 16 - You are studying similarities and differences in...Ch. 16 - In conducting the study described in Problem 24,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 26PCh. 16 - Prob. 27PCh. 16 - Prob. 28PCh. 16 - Prob. 29P
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- In the bacteriophage T7 system used to express recombinant proteins, the gene of interest is fused to T7 promoter and T7 RNA polymerase is separately cloned into the same cell. What is the main reason this system uses T7 RNA polymerase instead of relying on the bacterial RNA polymerase? To restrict the expression of bacterial protein expression To enhance the amount of recombinant protein expression To enhance the expression of bacterial protein expression To restrict the amount of recombinant protein expression To enable the expression of T7 viral protein expressionarrow_forwardTwo component systems are common in bacteria to regulate the expression of specific genes in response to environmental signals. Which of the following can be said of two component systems?arrow_forwardYou are interested in finding out in which organ GTF2H5 is highly expressed experimentally. Describe a method in recombinant DNA technology to measure gene expression, explain your rationale, and step by step, what are needed for this method to workarrow_forward
- name TWO mechanisms of control of gene expression that are only used by eukaryotes and discuss why each of those mechanisms wouldn’t be possible in prokaryotes.arrow_forwardA graduate student studying the pathogenic bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii made cDNA from planktonic cells and biofilm cells and performed RNA-Seq on both samples. She aligned her sequencing reads to a locus of the baumannii genome as shown. a. Which genes are on an operon together? Explain which data supports this? b. What is the most expressed transcript from the locus in Planktonic culture? c. Order the transcripts from largest increase in relative expression between biofilm and planktonic cells to the largest decrease in relative expression. d. When this data was compared to microarray transcriptional profiling, the microarray data provided lower expression levels for the most highly expressed transcripts. Why did this occur?arrow_forwardConsider the gal10D56 reporter gene. In 300 words or fewer, describe 1) the role of GAL7 in galactose metabolism and its importance for cell function 2) the mutation present in the gal10D56 reporter gene 3) the consequence of this mutation for GAL7 expression in wild type cells, 4) the mechanism by which certain mutations can suppress the effects of gal10D56, and 5) the specific purpose for using this reporter gene.arrow_forward
- On the image, you can see the results of a DNA microarray used for cancer prognosis, where tissue samples from healthy and cancerous tissues were analyzed. cDNA from healthy cells and cancer cells were labeled with green and red fluorescence, respectively, mixed equally, and hybridized with the chip. It is known that gene A is more highly expressed in breast cancer type I, while genes B and C have lower expression in type II, which is highly aggressive. Based on the gene expression levels shown in the image, the cancer sample does not correspond to either type I or type II breast cancer, why is that?arrow_forward. Let’s say that you have incredible skill and can isolate the white and red patches of tissue from the Drosophila eyes shown in Figure 12-24 in order to isolate mRNA from each tissue preparation. Using your knowledge of DNA techniques from Chapter 10, design an experiment that would allow you to determine whether RNA is transcribed from the white gene in the red tissue or the whitetissue or both. If you need it, you have access to radioactive white-gene DNAarrow_forwardResearchers have identified a gene (FR) responsible for watermelon resistance to infection by Dacus curcurbitae (a close relative of Drosophila melanogaster). They isolate RNA from resistant (FR+) and sensitive (fr-) watermelons and use a probe that will recognize both FR+ and fr- transcripts. They also isolate protein from resistant and sensitive watermelons and perform a Western blot using an antibody that can recognize the fr- and FR+ protein. Describe the results illustrated below and give a plausible molecular explanation for these observations.arrow_forward
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QCE Biology: Introduction to Gene Expression; Author: Atomi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7hydUtCIJk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY