College Physics (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321902788
Author: Hugh D. Young, Philip W. Adams, Raymond Joseph Chastain
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 30P
(a)
To determine
The land area in
(b)
To determine
The land area in
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
One scheme to put nuclear weapons to nonmilitary use is toexplode them underground in a geologically stable region andextract the geothermal energy for electricity production. Therewas a total yield of about 4,000 MT in the combined arsenalsin 2006. If 1.00 MT per day could be converted to electricitywith an efficiency of 10.0%:(a) What would the average electrical power output be?(b) How many years would the arsenal last at this rate?
A certain coal-fired power plant has a rated power capacity of P = 955 MW. The output of this plant is W = 0.39QH, where QH is the energy input as heat from the hot reservoir.
Which would increase the efficiency more, doubling QH or reducing QC by half?
Doubling Qh would bring about the greater increase in efficiency.
Doubling Qh and reducing Qc by half will have the same effect in increasing the efficiency.
Neither doubling Qh and reducing Qc by half would change the efficiency.
Both doubling Qh and reducing Qc by half would reduce the efficiency.
Reducing Qc by half bring about the greater increase in efficiency.
Calculate the entropy of fusion of a compound at 25 °c given that its enthalpy of fusion is 36 kJ mol-1 at its melting point of 151 °c and the molar heat capacities (at constant pressure) of the liquid and solid forms are 33 J K-1 mol-1 and 17 J K-1 mol- 1, respectively.
Chapter 16 Solutions
College Physics (10th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Under what conditions will the entropy of a gas...Ch. 16 - In what ways is a heat pump different from (or...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3CQCh. 16 - A growing plant creates a highly complex and...Ch. 16 - Why must a room air conditioner be placed in a...Ch. 16 - If you pour a cup of hot water into a cup of cold...Ch. 16 - How can the thermal conduction of heat from a hot...Ch. 16 - How can the free expansion of a gas into a vacuum...Ch. 16 - Does the second law of thermodynamics say that...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 16 - Prob. 11CQCh. 16 - What would be the efficiency of a Carnot engine...Ch. 16 - The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes...Ch. 16 - Would it be more economical to run a refrigerator...Ch. 16 - An insulated box has a carrier that confines a gas...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2MCPCh. 16 - Carnot engine A operates between temperatures of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCPCh. 16 - Prob. 5MCPCh. 16 - You want to increase the efficiency of a Carnot...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7MCPCh. 16 - You perform 100 J of work on a refrigerator that...Ch. 16 - If you mix cold milk with hot coffee in an...Ch. 16 - A glass of water left outside on a cold night...Ch. 16 - Prob. 11MCPCh. 16 - Prob. 12MCPCh. 16 - A coal-fired power plant that operates at an...Ch. 16 - Each cycle, a certain heat engine expels 250 J of...Ch. 16 - A diesel engine performs 2200 J of mechanical work...Ch. 16 - An aircraft engine has a heat efficiency of e =...Ch. 16 - A certain nuclear power plant has a thermal...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.15 shows a pV diagram for a heat engine...Ch. 16 - The pV diagram in Figure 16.16 shows a cycle of a...Ch. 16 - A gasoline engine. A gasoline engine takes in 1.61...Ch. 16 - A gasoline engine has a power output of 180 kW...Ch. 16 - In one cycle, a freezer uses 785 J of electrical...Ch. 16 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 16 - A cooing unit for chilling the water of an...Ch. 16 - A Carnot engine whose high-temperature reservoir...Ch. 16 - A heat engine is to be built to extract energy...Ch. 16 - A Carnot engine is operated between two heat...Ch. 16 - A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 59% and...Ch. 16 - An ice-making machine operates as a Carnot...Ch. 16 - A Carnot freezer that runs on electricity removes...Ch. 16 - Set Up: For an engine, W and QH positive and QC is...Ch. 16 - A sophomore with nothing better to do adds heat to...Ch. 16 - A 4.50 kg block of ice at 0.00C falls into the...Ch. 16 - You decide to take a nice hot bath but discover...Ch. 16 - A crucible contains 0.1 kg of liquid lead that is...Ch. 16 - Three moles of an ideal gas undergo a reversible...Ch. 16 - Entropy change due to driving. Premium gasoline...Ch. 16 - Entropy change from a doughnut. A typical doughnut...Ch. 16 - Solar collectors. A well-insulated house of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 30PCh. 16 - An experimental power plant at the Natural Energy...Ch. 16 - Solar water heater. A solar water heater for...Ch. 16 - You are designing a Carnal engine that has 2 mol...Ch. 16 - A heat engine takes 0.350 mol of an ideal diatomic...Ch. 16 - As a budding mechanical engineer, you are called...Ch. 16 - Prob. 36GPCh. 16 - A Carnot engine operates between two heat...Ch. 16 - An engineer is working with a Carnot engine that...Ch. 16 - Human entropy. A person having skin of surface...Ch. 16 - A typical coal-fired power plant generates 1000 MW...Ch. 16 - A human engine. You decide to use your body as a...Ch. 16 - One end of a copper rod is immersed in boiling...Ch. 16 - The pV diagram in Figure 16.19 shows a heat engine...Ch. 16 - Passage Problems Power from the sea. Ocean thermal...Ch. 16 - What is the change in entropy of the ammonia...Ch. 16 - Compare the entropy change of the warmer water to...Ch. 16 - If the proposed plant is built and produces 10 MW...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- A coal power plant consumes 100,000 kg of coal per hour and produces 500 MW of power. If the heat of combustion of coal is 30 MJ/kg, what is the efficiency of the power plant?arrow_forwardA copper rod of cross-sectional area 5.0 cm2 and length 5.0 m conducts heat from a heat reservoir at 373 K to one at 273 K. What is the time rate of change of the universe's entropy for this process?arrow_forwardAssume a sample of an ideal gas is at room temperature. What action will necessarily make the entropy of the sample increase? (a) Transfer energy into it by heat. (b) Transfer energy into it irreversibly by heat. (c) Do work on it. (d) Increase either its temperature or its volume, without letting the other variable decrease. (e) None of those choices is correct.arrow_forward
- A freezer has a coefficient of performance of 6.30. It is advertised as using electricity at a rate of 457 kWh/yr. (a) On average, how much energy does it use in a single day? (b) On average, how much energy docs it remove from the refrigerator in a single day? (c) What maximum mass of water at 20.0C could the freezer freeze in a single day? Note: One kilowatt-hour (kWh) is an amount of energy equal to running a 1-kW appliance for one hour.arrow_forwardThe energy content of a certain food is to be determined in a bomb calorimeter that contains 3 kg of water by burning a 2-g sample of it in the presence of 100 g of air in the reaction chamber. If the water temperature rises by 3.2°C when equilibrium is established, determine the energy content of the food, in kJ/kg, by neglecting the thermal energy stored in the reaction chamber and the energy supplied by the mixer. What is a rough estimate of the error involved in neglecting the thermal energy stored in the reaction chamber?arrow_forwardA large factory furnace maintained at 170 ∘C at its outer surface is wrapped in an insulating blanket of thermal conductivity 5.50×10−2 W/(m⋅K) which is thick enough that the outer surface of the insulation is at 43.0 ∘C while heat escapes from the furnace at a steady rate of 140 W for each square meter of surface area. By how much does each square meter of the furnace change the entropy of the factory every second?arrow_forward
- A nuclear power plant has an electrical power output of 1300 MW and operates with an efficiency of 33%. If excess energy is carried away from the plant by a river with a flow rate of 1.0 ✕ 106 kg/s, what is the rise in temperature of the flowing water?arrow_forwardA Lawn MowerA lawn mower is rated to have an efficiency of 25.0% and an average power of 3.00 kW. What are (a) the average work and (b) the minimum heat discharge into the air by the lawn mower in one minute of use?StrategyFrom the average power—that is, the rate of work production—we can figure out the work done in the given elapsed time. Then, from the efficiency given, we can figure out the minimum heat discharge Qc = Qh(1 − e) with Qh = Qc + W.arrow_forwardIn an experiment, 200 g of aluminum (with a specific heat of 900 J/kg K) at 100 C is mixed with 50.0 g of waterat 20.0C, with the mixture thermally isolated. (a) What is theequilibrium temperature? What are the entropy changes of (b) thealuminum, (c) the water, and (d) the aluminum–water system?arrow_forward
- The surface of the Sun is approximately at 5.70 x 103 K , and the temperature of the Earth’s surface is approximately 290. K. What entropy change occurs when 1.00 x 103 J of energy is transferred by heat from the Sun to the Earth?arrow_forwardA typical temperature for surface water in a tropical ocean is 27°C. Whereas at a depth of a kilometer or more it is only about 27°C whereas at a depth of a kilometer or more it is only about 5°C. It has been proposed to operate heat engines using surface water as the hot reservoir and deep water as the cold reservoir. What would the maximum efficiency of such an engine be? Why might such engine eventually be practical proposition even with so low an efficiency?arrow_forwardThe core of the Sun has a temperature of 1.5 × 107 K, while the surface of the Sun has a temperature of 4460 K (which varies over the surface, with the sunspots being cooler). Treat the core of the Sun and the surface of the Sun as two large reservoirs connected by the solar interior. Nuclear fusion processes in the core produce 3.8 × 1026 J every second. Assume that 100% of this energy is transferred from the core to the surface. Calculate the change in the entropy ΔS, in joules per kelvin, of the Sun every second. Rigel is a blue giant star with a core temperature of 5.0 x 107 K and a surface temperature of 12500 K. If the core of Rigel produces 60,000 times as much energy per second as the core of the Sun does, calculate the change in the entropy ΔSR, in joules per kelvin, of Rigel every second. Barnard’s Star is a red dwarf star with a core temperature of 7.0 x 106 K and a surface temperature of 3270 K. If the core of Barnard’s Star produces 5% as much energy per second as the…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning