CONNECT W/APR & PHILS FOR FOX HUMAN PHYS
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781265397586
Author: Fox
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 31RA
Describe the formation, composition, and function of pulmonary surfactant. What happens when surfactant is absent? How is this condition treated?
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Chapter 16 Solutions
CONNECT W/APR & PHILS FOR FOX HUMAN PHYS
Ch. 16 - Describe the structures involved in gas exchange...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1bCPCh. 16 - Describe how each lung is compartmentalized by the...Ch. 16 - Describe the changes in the intrapulmonary and...Ch. 16 - Explain how the compliance and elasticity of the...Ch. 16 - Describe pulmonary surfactant and discuss its...Ch. 16 - Describe the actions of the diaphragm and external...Ch. 16 - Explain how forced inspiration and forced...Ch. 16 - Define the terms tidal volume and vital capacity....Ch. 16 - How are the vital capacity and the forced...
Ch. 16 - Explain how the of air is calculated and how this...Ch. 16 - Explain how blood measurements are taken, and...Ch. 16 - Explain how the arterial and the oxygen content...Ch. 16 - Describe the ventilation/perfusion ratios of the...Ch. 16 - Explain how decompression sickness is produced in...Ch. 16 - Describe the roles of centers in the brain stem...Ch. 16 - Describe the effects of voluntary hyperventilation...Ch. 16 - Using a flowchart to show a negative feedback...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 16 - Prob. 10cCPCh. 16 - Use a graph to illustrate the effects of Po2 on...Ch. 16 - Draw an oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve and label...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 16 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 16 - List the ways in which carbon dioxide is carried...Ch. 16 - Where in the body does the chloride shift occur?...Ch. 16 - Where in the body does a reverse chloride shift...Ch. 16 - Using equations, show how carbonic acid and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15aCPCh. 16 - Prob. 15bCPCh. 16 - Prob. 15cCPCh. 16 - Prob. 15dCPCh. 16 - Explain why a person with ketoacidosis...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16aCPCh. 16 - Explain why endurance-trained athletes have a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 17CPCh. 16 - Prob. 1RACh. 16 - Prob. 2RACh. 16 - The maximum amount of air that can be expired...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4RACh. 16 - Prob. 5RACh. 16 - Which of these would be most affected by a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7RACh. 16 - Prob. 8RACh. 16 - The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is decreased...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10RACh. 16 - The bicarbonate concentration or the blood would...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12RACh. 16 - Prob. 13RACh. 16 - Which of these occur(s) during hypoxemia?...Ch. 16 - During exercise, which of these statements is...Ch. 16 - All of the following can bond with hemoglobin...Ch. 16 - Prob. 17RACh. 16 - The hypoxic ventilatory response occurs when low...Ch. 16 - Using a flow diagram to show cause and effect,...Ch. 16 - Radiographic (x-ray) pictures show that the rib...Ch. 16 - Explain, using a flowchart, how a rise in blood ...Ch. 16 - Explain why a person with ketoacidosis may...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23RACh. 16 - Explain how measurements of blood Pco2,...Ch. 16 - Describe the changes in ventilation that occur...Ch. 16 - Prob. 26RACh. 16 - Describe how ventilation changes when a person...Ch. 16 - Explain the physiological changes in the blood's...Ch. 16 - Compare asthma and emphysema in terms of their...Ch. 16 - Explain the mechanisms involved in quiet...Ch. 16 - Describe the formation, composition, and function...Ch. 16 - Prob. 32RACh. 16 - The nature of the sounds produced by percussion...Ch. 16 - Explain why the fast breath of a healthy neonate...Ch. 16 - Prob. 35RACh. 16 - Carbon monoxide poisoning from smoke inhalation...Ch. 16 - Prob. 37RACh. 16 - Explain how a subatmospheric intrapleural pressure...Ch. 16 - Prob. 39RACh. 16 - You cannot affect the oxygen delivery to your...Ch. 16 - Refer to figure 16.19 and calculate the Po2 of the...Ch. 16 - Refer to figure 16.19 and calculate the of the...Ch. 16 - Refer to figure 16.19 and calculate the Po2 of the...Ch. 16 - Use figure 16.34 to answer the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 45RACh. 16 - Use figure 16.34 to answer the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 47RA
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- What are some advantages of gas exchange in air over gas exchange in water?arrow_forwardUsing the lung compliance relationships for different diseases presented in the figure. 1) Determine the lung volume (at end of expiration and at end of inspiration) for each condition, assuming that conditions have normal pulmonary pressures. 2) Assuming that intrapleural pressure at end of inspiration can be increased or decreased freely, what is the transpulmonary pressure required for each disease, to match the tidal volume of normal conditions. 3) Choose ONE of the diseases and list two physiological changes produced by that disease condition, and briefly explain them based on the changes in tidal volume resulting from the changes in lung compliance. Tidal volume, L 6 2 0 0 Emphysema 10 Asthma Normal 20 Pressure (cm H₂O) Cardiac disease Fibrosis Respiratory distress syndrome 30 Various pressures during breathing (mmHg) Breath volume (L) IN O ~ + 9 0.5 O Atmospheric pressure Alveolar pressure 1 Transpulmona pressure Intrapleural pressure Inspiration Expiration 4s Time Please show…arrow_forwardWhile many of the following parameters may change, which one of the following is the most definitive clinical indicator of an obstructive lung disease? Increase in Total Lung Capacity Decrease in Total Lung Capacity Increase in Tidal Volume Decrease in Tidal Volume O Increase in FEV₁/FVC ratio Decrease in FEV₁/FVC ratioarrow_forward
- Define respiratory compliance and identify the factors that affect it. Name and define the eight measurable pulmonary volumes and capacities.arrow_forwardPremature infants with inadequate surfactant have decreased lung compliance. If surfactant is not available to administer for therapy, what can be done to inflate the lung?arrow_forward
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