Chapter 16, Problem 52A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The species given in equations are to be labelled as acid or base.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius, acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which produces hydroxyl ions in an aqueous solution.

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

Answer to Problem 52A

In equation-I:

  

In equation-II:

  

Explanation of Solution

Equation-I:

  

The given equation shows the first species gains negative charge. Therefore, it has lost $H^{+}$ . So, it is acid and the other species has accepted proton. So, it is base.

  

The given equation shows the first species gains positive charge. Therefore, it has gained $H^{+}$ . So, it is base and the other species has donated proton. So, it is acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The species given in equations are to be labelled as acid or base based on specific theory.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius, acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which produces hydroxyl ions in an aqueous solution.

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

Answer to Problem 52A

In equation-I:

  

In equation-II:

  

Explanation of Solution

Equation-I:

  

The given equation shows the first species gains negative charge. Therefore it has lost $H^{+}$ . So it is acid by both Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry concept and the other species has accepted proton. So it is base by Bronsted-Lowry concept.

  

The given equation shows the first species gains positive charge. Therefore, it has gained $H^{+}$ . So it is base Bronsted-Lowry concept and the other species has donated proton. So, it is acid by both Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry concept.