Chapter 16, Problem 58A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The base having strong conjugate acid is to be chosen.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius, acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which produces hydroxyl ions in an aqueous solution.

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

Answer to Problem 58A

Base $F^{-}$ has strong conjugate acid $HF$ .

Explanation of Solution

The equation can be written as:

Equilibrium lies more towards reactant side. Therefore, $HF$ is strong conjugate acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The base having strong conjugate acid is to be chosen.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius, acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which produces hydroxyl ions in an aqueous solution.

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

Answer to Problem 58A

Base $C{l}^{-}$ has weak conjugate acid $HCl$ .

Explanation of Solution

The equation can be written as:

Equilibrium lies more towards right side. Therefore, $HCl$ is weak conjugate acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The base having strong conjugate acid is to be chosen.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius, acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which produces hydroxyl ions in an aqueous solution.

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

Answer to Problem 58A

Base $HS{O}_4{}^{-}$ has strong conjugate acid $H_{2}S{O}_4$ .

Explanation of Solution

The equation can be written as:

Equilibrium lies more towards reactant side. Therefore, $H_{2}S{O}_4$ is strong conjugate acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The base having strong conjugate acid is to be chosen.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius, acid is a substance which produces hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which produces hydroxyl ions in an aqueous solution.

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

Answer to Problem 58A

Base $N{O}_3{}^{-}$ has strong conjugate acid $HN{O}_3$ .

Explanation of Solution

The equation can be written as:

Equilibrium lies more towards reactant side. Therefore, $HN{O}_3$ is strong conjugate acid.