Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135755785
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 16.2, Problem 4TC
If a population grows large again after a bottleneck, genetic diversity will eventually increase. Why?
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As we saw last week, population size is important. Ideally, this means you started with a lot of genetically diverse founders, but of course that isn’t always the case. In the case of the Española Galapagos tortoises it was 12 females and 2 males. So, often you have to grow your population to stabilize it and ensure there isn’t an unacceptable loss of genetic diversity over time, even if that genetic diversity is low. If you think back to the math from last week and do a little not so fancy algebra, you can see that genetic deterioration occurs at a rate that is the inverse of genetic retention, which you probably remember is
1- (1/2Ne)
Assume that the Española Galapagos tortoise captive population started with an Ne/N ratio of 0.7. Calculate their rate of loss of genetic diversity given their original population size of 14 tortoises (N=14). You will first need to solve for Ne, then plug Ne into the rate of loss of genetic diversity formula.
Now let’s work on growing the population.…
What is an organism population that has had exponential growth, and what circumstances led to that exponential population growth?
What type of factors will limit the growth of a population?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 16.1 - define evolution in terms of concepts from...Ch. 16.1 - define equilibrium population and describe the...Ch. 16.2 - If it were true that mutations do occur in...Ch. 16.2 - Explain how the distribution of genotypes in...Ch. 16.2 - A flu vaccination stimulates your immune system to...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 3TCCh. 16.2 - If a population grows large again after a...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 5TCCh. 16.2 - Evolution of a Menace The mutant alleles that...Ch. 16.2 - describe how mutation, gene flow, genetic drift,...
Ch. 16.3 - A team of phys clans treated four patients with...Ch. 16.3 - If we studied a population of bighorn sheep and...Ch. 16.3 - When selection is directional, is there any limit...Ch. 16.3 - describe why selection of phenotypes can affect...Ch. 16.3 - explain how competition and predation influence...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 16.3 - compare and contrast directional selection,...Ch. 16.3 - Microbiologists have discovered that alleles...Ch. 16 - The alleles responsible for antibiotic resistance...Ch. 16 - Stabilizing selection on a trait tends to a. make...Ch. 16 - An adaptation is a. any trait that arises from a...Ch. 16 - Which of the following statements about mutations...Ch. 16 - Genetic drift occurs a. when different phenotypes...Ch. 16 - The ______ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 16 - Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 16 - An organisms ______ refers to the specific alleles...Ch. 16 - A random form of evolution is called ________....Ch. 16 - Competition is most Intense between members of...Ch. 16 - The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 16 - What is a gene pool? How would you determine the...Ch. 16 - Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 16 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 16 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...Ch. 16 - People like to say that you cant prove a negative....Ch. 16 - Describe the three ways in which natural selection...Ch. 16 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...Ch. 16 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 16 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...
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- Can you explain which answer is accurate and why it's the correct choice?arrow_forwardWhat effect does such a bottleneck have on the future population? Give a brief description of its effect on the size, ability to reproduce, and genetic diversity.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an effect of gene flow? Population size is greatly reduced Individuals establish a new population Natural disasters Genetic differences between populations are reducedarrow_forward
- In many rural areas, stray cats are a problem as they may return to being wild feral cats that have not been spayed or neutered can reproduce, which may result in a population of feral cats. One pair of cats can produce 12 kittens in one year, and half of these kittens are female; this increased population would potentially produce 84 kittens in the second year. In 5-years, the population could reach almost 33000 feral cats. A) What conditions or factors would have to be in place for the population to achieve its biotic potential?arrow_forwardUnder what conditions will a population grow?arrow_forwardWhy is the minimum viable population size smaller for a geneticallydiverse population than for a less genetically diverse population?arrow_forward
- How does gene flow affect coevolution? For example, there is a coevolutionary arms race between snakes and newts. Snakes try to eat newts but they end up dying due to the newts' proudction of a toxin (TTX). In response, snakes have adapted a greater resistance to the toxin allowing them to not die. What would the factor of gene flow do to a population like this??arrow_forwardWhat is the likelihood that Earth's population problems will be solved by technological advancements? Explain.arrow_forwardEnvironmental factors can influence natural selection because they can increase or decrease the number of chromosomes in an individual. the number of chromosomes in a population. the amount of genetic variation in an individual. the amount of genetic variation in a population.arrow_forward
- The data chart below shows the number of black and tan mice in a population in a field over five generations. Which of the following is the most likely explanation of the findings? Question options: A natural disaster occurred during the second generation causing a reduction in the number of black mice and a bottleneck population of tan mice was left to reproduce. A random genetic mutation occurred in a black mouse in generation three, leading to a decline in the population. The predator of the mice hunts during the day when the tan mice are better camouflaged in the environment so the black mice were eaten more frequently. The tan mice were able to acquire the ability to adapt to the environment quickly between the first and second generation.arrow_forwardWhat forces can cause populations to decline?arrow_forwardA population of a snake species with three skin color variations inhabited a deciduous forest in southern chile. In 2000, many trees in the forest were cut down for timber. The number of snakes of each color was monitored for the next 10 years. The results if this study are recorded in the graph below. Describe how variation affects the survival of this snake species in new environmental conditions?arrow_forward
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