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Physical Chemistry
- 14. Calculate the electronic partition function for a bromine atom at 1000 and 10,000 Kelvin. The ground state has a degeneracy of g=4 and the first excited state has a degeneracy of g=2 with an energy of 7.3x10^-20 J above the ground state.arrow_forwardUse the equipartition principle to estimate the values of γ = Cp/CV for gaseous ammonia and methane. Do this calculation with and without the vibrational contribution to the energy. Which is closer to the experimental value at 25 °C?arrow_forwardConsider 1 mol of N2(g) at room temperature. Calculate the number of molecules in the ground rotational energy (J=0). Calculate also the average rotational energy per molecule.arrow_forward
- For two nondegenerate energy levels separated by an amount of energy ε/k=500.K, at what temperature will the population in the higher-energy state be 1/2 that of the lower-energy state? What temperature is required to make the populations equal?arrow_forwardChemistry The first excited electronic energy level of the helium atom is 3.13 ✕ 10−18 J above the ground level. Estimate the temperature at which the electronic motion will begin to make a significant contribution to the heat capacity. That is, at what temperature will 5.0% of the population be in the first excited state?arrow_forwardThe four lowest electronic levels of a Ti atom are: J = 2, 3, 4 and 1, at 0, 170, 387 and 6557 cm-1, respectively. There a many other electronic states at higher energies. The boiling point of Ti is 3287 oC. What are the relative populations of these levels at the boiling point if the degeneracy of levels is 2J + 1? Is the ground state most highly populated level?arrow_forward
- Q 1. Use the equipartition principle to estimate the value of γ = Cpm/CVm for gaseous CH3COOH. Do this calculation WITH the vibrational contribution to the energy.arrow_forwardThe frequency for the first excitation of the stretching mode in the HCl molecule was experimentally determined to be ? = 86.6 THz. calculate the partition function q for the stretching mode of HCL at room temperature (T=298K) assuming that it behaves as a harmonic oscillator. explain the significance of the obtained value.arrow_forwardFind the potential energy for two methyl chloride molecules at 25°C seperated by 1.9°Carrow_forward
- Estimate the values of γ = Cp,m/CV,m for gaseous ammonia and methane. Do this calculation with and without the vibrational contribution to the energy. Which is closer to the experimental value at 25 °C? Hint: Note that Cp,m − CV,m = R for a perfect gas.arrow_forwardThe four lowest electronic levels of a Ti atom are 3F2, 3F3, 3F4, and 5F1, at 0, 170, 387, and 6557 cm−1, respectively. There are many other electronic states at higher energies. The boiling point of titanium is 3287 °C. What are the relative populations of these levels at the boiling point? Hint: The degeneracies of the levels are 2J + 1.arrow_forwardExplain the importance of the quantization of vibrational, rotational, and translational energy as it relates to the behavior of atoms and molecules.arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning