Chapter 17, Problem 17.29AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reactivity of the compounds, $m-\text{nitro}-tert-\text{cumyl}\text{chloride}$ $p-\text{methoxy}-tert-\text{cumyl}\text{chloride}$, $p-\text{fluoro}-tert-\text{cumyl}\text{chloride}$, and $p-\text{nitro}-tert-\text{cumyl}\text{chloride}$ towards ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ solvolysis reaction, is to be arranged in the increasing order.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction where an electron rich species attacks a substrate which is electron deficient. When the solvent of the solution behaves as a nucleophile then it is known as solvolysis. Nucleophilic substitution reactions are of two types, ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$.

The unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction is ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction. This type of reaction takes place in two steps; in first step a carbocation is formed. The stability of carbocation decides the feasibility of reaction. Stability of carbocation is affected by the groups attached to the ring showing $+\text{I}$ or $–\text{I}$ effect.