Chapter 17, Problem 17.46AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The curved arrow mechanism for the reaction between alkyl halide and magnesium in the presence of ether followed by hydrolysis is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The curved arrow mechanism for the reaction between $\text{4-phenylbut-3-yn-1-ol}$ and $\text{p-toluenesulfonic}\text{acid}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The curved-arrow notation is used to show the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. The curved arrow has two barbs (head and tail) which represent the direction of electron flow.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The curved arrow mechanism for the reaction between $\text{1-penten-4-yne}$ and sodium acetylide followed by alkyl bromide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The curved-arrow notation is used to show the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. The curved arrow has two barbs (head and tail) which represent the direction of electron flow.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The curved arrow mechanism for the reaction between 1-methylcyclopent-2enol and ethanol in presence of dilute sulfuric acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The treatment of alcohols with dilute sulfuric acid in the presence of excess ethanol leads to the formation of ether as a product. In this reaction, a stable carbocation is formed as an intermediate after the removal of a water molecule. Therefore, the carbocation attacked by the ethanol group forms ether.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The curved arrow mechanism for the reaction between 3-chloro-3-methylbut-1-yne and cyclohexene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The alkynes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon containing triple bond between two carbon atoms. The general formula of alkynes is C_nH_2n-2 . The name of the alkyne compounds ends with the suffix -yne. The curved-arrow notation is used to show the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. The curved arrow has two barbs (head and tail) which represent the direction of electron flow.