Chapter 17, Problem 17.71AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phosphate ester linkage in the given compound has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Phosphoric Acid: It is an inorganic acid having similarities with a carboxylic acid. There are three different acidic hydrogens which causes it to form three anions.

Phosphate Ester: Phosphate esters are prepared by the reaction of a phosphoric acid and an alcohol molecule with the elimination of water molecule.

• Alcohol can react with one $-OH$ group forming Phosphate monoester.
• Alcohol can react with two $-OH$ groups of phosphoric acid forming Phosphate diester.
• Alcohol can react with three $-OH$ groups of phosphoric acid forming Phosphate triester.

Phosphate Ester Hydrolysis: Phosphate ester reacts with water to form the corresponding alcohol and phosphoric acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phosphate anhydride linkage in the given compound has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Phosphoric Acid: It is an inorganic acid having similarities with a carboxylic acid. There are three different acidic hydrogens which causes it to form three anions.

Phosphoric Acid Anhydride: It is formed when two phosphoric acid molecules react with the elimination of water molecule. It has atleast one $P-O-P$ anhydride linkage. Esters containing one $P-O-P$ anhydride bond are known as diphosphates whereas two $P-O-P$ anhydride bond are known as triphosphates.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products formed when the given compound reacts with water and acid have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Phosphoric Acid: It is an inorganic acid having similarities with a carboxylic acid. There are three different acidic hydrogens which causes it to form three anions.

Phosphate Ester: Phosphate esters are prepared by the reaction of a phosphoric acid and an alcohol molecule with the elimination of water molecule.

• Alcohol can react with one $-OH$ group forming Phosphate monoester.
• Alcohol can react with two $-OH$ groups of phosphoric acid forming Phosphate diester.
• Alcohol can react with three $-OH$ groups of phosphoric acid forming Phosphate triester.

Phosphoric Acid Anhydride: It is formed when two phosphoric acid molecules react with the elimination of water molecule. It has atleast one $P-O-P$ anhydride linkage. Esters containing one $P-O-P$ anhydride bond are known as diphosphates whereas two $P-O-P$ anhydride bond are known as triphosphates.

Phosphate Ester Hydrolysis: Phosphate ester reacts with water to form the corresponding alcohol and phosphoric acid.