(a)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
(b)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
(c)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
(d)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
The synthesis in which
(e)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
The reaction that is used for the reduction of a ketonic or an aldehydic compound into an
(f)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
The reaction that is used for the reduction of a ketonic or an aldehydic compound into an alkane compound, using zinc amalgam and
(g)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
The reaction that is used in the reduction of a ketonic or an aldehydic compound into an alkane compound, using zinc amalgam and
(h)
Interpretation:
The synthesis of given compound using Friedel-Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction or Gatterman-Koch synthesis is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Friedel-Crafts acylation permits the synthesis of monoacylated products by the reaction of arenes with acyl chlorides in the presence of
The reaction that is used in the reduction of a ketonic or an aldehydic compound into an alkane compound, using zinc amalgam and
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- (a) Illustrate the following name reactions giving suitable example in each case :(i) Clemmensen reduction (ii) Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction(b) How are the following conversions carried out?(i) Ethylcyanide to ethanoic acid (ii) Butan-l-ol to butanoic acid(iii) Benzoic acid to m-bromobenzoic acidarrow_forwardWhy is diethyl ether used as a solvent for the reduction reaction of the keystone (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) utilizing the reducing agent sodium borohydride (NaBH4). what is the purpose of was repeated washes with water? What is the purpose of repeated washes with brine?arrow_forwardFriedel-Crafts Alkylation, based on substituted benzene reaction, including reactivity based on electron donating and withdrawing group and also discuss the possible positions (Ortho, Meta and Para) for the new group. Explain if there is polysubstitution occurs. Keeping the reaction mixture in the ice bath and adding the reagent slowly by continuously stirring is the key point of success.arrow_forward
- Reduction of Vanilina Reduction of Vanilin What is the limiting reagent in this reaction? Is it ok to use Lithium Aluminum hydride instead of sodium borohydride? why/why not? Why are the temperature specification very important for the reaction. Explain What is the percent yield of the reaction? show your claculations in detail. Predict the proton NMR of the product.arrow_forwardWrite the reaction involved in Ferrox Test. a. What is the species responsible? b. Why is phenol negative in Ferrox Test? Based on the theoretical result, what is the order of reactivity of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols in the Lucas Test? a. Lucas Reagent contains ZnCl2 in HCl. What is the role of ZnCl2? What reagents are used in the esterification of Alcohols and Phenols? a. Write the reaction involved in Primary Alcohol (Ethanol) and Acetyl Chloride b. Write the reaction involved in Phenol and Acetyl Chloride What is the purpose of the Chromic acid test? a. What are the reagents used? b. Write oxidation reaction of Primary Alcohols and Secondary Alcoholsarrow_forwardwhy is tylenol ( acetaminophen) not a good nucleophile to make a good nuclophile what reaction does it go through gas and through... using the williamson ether synthesisarrow_forward
- In the synthesis of 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (or Sudan I), phenyldiazonium reacts with β-naphthol. Draw the resonance structures of the intermediate formed when the diazonium ion attacks a) carbon 1 and b) carbon 3 of β-naphthol. Based on the resonance structures, explain why attack on carbon 1 is preferred.arrow_forwardDescribe how the product is purified. 4,4'-DIBROMOBIPHENYL [Biphenyl, 4,4'-dibromo-] Submitted by Robert E. Buckles and Norris G. Wheeler1. Checked by R. S. Schreiber, Wm. Bradley Reid, Jr., and Robert W. Jackson. 1. Procedure In a 15-cm. evaporating dish is placed 15.4 g. (0.10 mole) of finely powdered biphenyl (Note 1). The dish is set on a porcelain rack in a 30-cm. desiccator with a 10-cm. evaporating dish under the rack containing 39 g. (12 ml., 0.24 mole) of bromine. The desiccator is closed, but a very small opening is provided for the escape of hydrogen bromide (Note 2). The biphenyl is left in contact with the bromine vapor for 8 hours (or overnight). The orange solid is then removed from the desiccator and allowed to stand in the air under a hood for at least 4 hours (Note 3). At this point, the product weighs about 30 g. and has a melting point in the neighborhood of 152°. The crude 4,4'-dibromobiphenyl is dissolved in 75 ml. of benzene, filtered, and cooled to 15°. The…arrow_forwardWe used biphenyl instead of benzene for Friedel-Crafts alkylation. What would you predict the major product would be if we had used benzene instead? Why?arrow_forward
- Show how you would use the Friedel–Crafts acylation, Clemmensen reduction, and/or Gatterman–Koch synthesis to prepare the following compounds:(a) p-methoxybenzaldehyde (b) 3-methyl-1-phenylbutane(c) 1-phenyl-2,2-dimethylpropane (d) n-butylbenzenearrow_forwardwrite the reaction of the action of methyl-2, bromo-2-propane with hot KOH solution. a) Name the formed product b) Explain why the reaction takes place according to the SNI mechanismarrow_forwardIn this study, the researcher compared S N 2 and E2reaction rates for four substrates. Three of the substrates had a second halogen on the bposition in the molecule. This work also compared the behavior of two nucleophiles:dianion I and II. You should read the abstract and look at Scheme 1 (p. 3082) and Table 4(p. 3086). Abstract: The gas-phase reactions of benzoate and phenolate containing dianions with a series of ‚-substitutedalkyl bromides (X-CH2CH2Br, X ) H, F, Cl, Br) have been studied in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer.Branching ratios between SN 2 and E2 products were measured and rate constants were determined. The‚-halogens increase both the S N 2 and E2 rates, but the effect is greater for the latter process and thereforethese substituents lead to an increase in the amount of elimination. The kinetic data for the SN 2 reactions canbe analyzed via a two-parameter, linear free-energy relationship and the results indicate that field-effects (i.e.,electron-withdrawing…arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning