Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 17.4, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
A collection of the total genomic DNA from a single organism is called a genomic library. In the genomic library, the DNA is stockpiled in a population of identical vectors. Each of them carries a different insert of DNA. The genomic library is constructed by cleaving the genome of an organism into many fragments. Each of the fragments is cloned into a vector in order to synthesize a unique recombinant plasmid.
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True or False; explain
It is possible that the coding region of a gene is present in a genomic library produced from a particular tissue, but is absent in cDNA library prepared from the same tissue.
Consider a single base insertion mutation between the 3rd and 4th codons in a natural gene that encodes a protein 100 amino acids long. Is it more likely that the protein produced by this mutant allele will be shorter or longer than 100 amino acids long?
Could quantitative PCR, which uses a DNA-binding dye, to show how many copies of the target DNA sequence could be used to quantify the amount of mRNA in a cell? Would you expect that a metabolically active tissue such as the liver would show more cDNA copies in such a method, compared to less metabolically active tissues such as skin cells?
One reason that the types and amounts of mRNAs are quantified in different tissue types is to compare which genes are activated and which are inactive. It used to be thought that any gene that was transcribed was automatically translated. The discovery of RNA-degrading systems shows that the real situation in cells is more complemented. Do you believe that a larger amount of mRNA of a given type, say for alpha hemoglobin in immature red blood cells is a reliable indicator that more alpha hemoglobin protein will be made in those cells?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 17.1 - Examine the uncut piece of DNA shown in the upper...Ch. 17.1 - Which of the above enzymes yield blunt ends? Which...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3MICh. 17.1 - What would you conclude if you obtained only blue...Ch. 17.1 - Why must introns be removed from eukaryotic DNA...Ch. 17.1 - Which plasmid is a shuttle vector? Why?Ch. 17.1 - In what ways does the BAC shown here differ from...Ch. 17.1 - Describe restriction enzymes, sticky ends, and...Ch. 17.1 - What is cDNA? Why is it necessary to generate cDNA...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 17.1 - Prob. 5CCCh. 17.2 - Why, after three cycles, are the vast majority of...Ch. 17.2 - Briefly describe the polymerase chain reaction....Ch. 17.2 - Why is PCR used to detect infectious agents that...Ch. 17.2 - How would you use PCR to measure the concentration...Ch. 17.2 - Why is it possible to visualize a PCR product on...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 17.3 - Why are long fragments (e.g., 20,000 bp) of...Ch. 17.4 - What special considerations are necessary if one...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - You are studying chemotaxis proteins in a newly...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 17.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17 - Which of the DNA molecules shown are recombinant?Ch. 17 - Prob. 1RCCh. 17 - Prob. 2RCCh. 17 - Prob. 3RCCh. 17 - Prob. 4RCCh. 17 - Prob. 5RCCh. 17 - Prob. 6RCCh. 17 - Prob. 1ALCh. 17 - Prob. 2ALCh. 17 - Suppose you transformed a plasmid vector carrying...Ch. 17 - You are interested in the activity and regulation...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5ALCh. 17 - Prob. 6ALCh. 17 - Prob. 7AL
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- For a specific type of mutation at a given location in a particular gene, identify whether it will affect the size of the mRNA, the protein, or both. How would the mutant appear on a gel in comparison to the originalarrow_forwardThe sequencing of entire genomes has made it possible to examine the level of gene expression in a particular cell or tissue by using oligonucleotide probes to assess the mRNA expression level from a particular gene. This is done most effectively through the use of what experimental technique?arrow_forwardHow to incorporate prokaryotic gene into eukaryotic cell to make an transgenic organism?In this case what promoter will be used.explain the process in detailsarrow_forward
- Explain why it is sometimes difficult to locate genomic regions that encode a protein.arrow_forwardWhen a region of DNA that contains the genetic information for a protein is isolated from a bacterial cell and inserted into a eukaryotic cell in a proper position between a promoter and a terminator, the resulting cell usually produces the correct protein. But when the experiment is done in the reverse direction (eukaryotic DNA into a bacterial cell), the correct protein is often not produced. Can you suggest an explanation?arrow_forwardMany aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Choose an answer below: Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and carrow_forward
- Cap, EA1, and Sap are all genes/proteins of interest in this study. For each gene, what gene product is encoded and where is the gene (the literal DNA sequence) located physically in the cell? I need help fimiding this in the artticle and answer as short as possible https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106848/arrow_forwardWhich of the following mutations in the protein-coding region of a gene is more likely to lead to complete loss of function of the encoded protein: an insertion of six nucleotides or a deletion of two nucleotides? Briefly explain your answer.arrow_forwardHuman wildtype and mutant alleles are identical in sequence except for a single base-pair substitution that changes one nucleotide towards the end of intron 2. The wildtype and mutant sequences of the affected portion of the mRNA are listed in the following table. Explain how a single base substitution could alter the reading frame, which could result in a physiological disorder?arrow_forward
- A molecular geneticist hopes to find a Gene in human liver cell that codes for an important blood-clotting protein,he knows that the nucleotide sequence of a small part of the Gene is GTGGACTGACA.briefly explain how to obtain genearrow_forwardSuppose that a human genomic library is prepared by exhaustive digestion of human DNA with the EcoRI restriction enzyme. Fragments averaging about 4 kb in length would be generated. Is this procedure suitable for cloning large genes? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhat advantages do cDNA libraries provide over genomic DNA libraries? Describe cloning applications where the use of a genomic library is necessary to provide information that a cDNA library cannot.arrow_forward
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