Chapter 19, Problem 19.86CP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect in the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction should be determined if temperature is lowered from $\text{37°C}\text{to}15\text{°C}$ for an enzyme.

Concept Introduction:

Enzyme:

• It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
• Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
• Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
• Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Factors affecting enzyme activity:

Substrate concentration

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

$\text{pH}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect in the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction should be determined if temperature is lowered from $\text{37°C}\text{to}60\text{°C}$ for an enzyme.

Concept Introduction:

Enzyme:

• It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
• Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
• Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
• Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Factors affecting enzyme activity:

Substrate concentration

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

$\text{pH}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect in the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction should be determined if the $\text{pH}$ is lowered from 7.4 to 3

Concept Introduction:

Enzyme:

• It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
• Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
• Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
• Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Factors affecting enzyme activity:

Substrate concentration

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

$\text{pH}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect in the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction should be determined if the $\text{pH}$ is increased from 7.4 to 10.

Concept Introduction:

Enzyme:

• It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
• Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
• Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
• Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Factors affecting enzyme activity:

Substrate concentration

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

$\text{pH}$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect in the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction should be determined if the amount of substrate is doubled.

Concept Introduction:

Enzyme:

• It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
• Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
• Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
• Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Factors affecting enzyme activity:

Substrate concentration

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

$\text{pH}$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect in the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction should be determined if the amount of substrate is halved.

Concept Introduction:

Enzyme:

• It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
• Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
• Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
• Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Factors affecting enzyme activity:

Substrate concentration

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

$\text{pH}$