(a)
Interpretation:
Energy possessed by a mole of photon should be calculated and expressed with the units of kilojoules and kilocalories.
Concept introduction:
A photon can be introduced as a piece of energy which has no mass. The relationship between the energy of a photon and its wavelength can be expressed with the following Planck-Einstein equation represented as follows:
Answer to Problem 19P
Explanation of Solution
A photon can be introduced as a piece of energy which has no mass. The speed of a photon is equal to the
Here,
Since, the frequency of the photon is not given, the equation of
Using
Substituting
=
Since,
Energy of a photon in kilojoules,
Since,
Number of photons in a mole = Avogadro number of photons
Therefore, energy of mole of photon in kiloJoules,
Energy of a photon in kilojoules
Energy of a photon in kilocalories,
Number of photons in a mole = Avogadro number of photons
Therefore, Energy of moles of photon in kilocalories,
Einstein is also a unit of energy.
Einstein
Thus, energy of mole of photon in kilo Joules =
Energy of moles of photon in kilocalories =
(b)
Interpretation:
The maximum increase in the redox potential induced by 1000 nm photon needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
One electron volt is the energy need to move an electron between one-volt potential difference.
One electron volt
Answer to Problem 19P
Explanation of Solution
The maximum increase in a redox potential can be calculated as follows:
Putting the values,
(c)
Interpretation:
Number of photons need to overcome the Gibbs free energy should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
In a simple definition, Gibbs free energy of a reaction is the energy associated with that particular
Phosphorylation is the conversion of ATP from ADP.
Answer to Problem 19P
Explanation of Solution
Phosphorylation is the conversion of ATP from ADP.
ATP- Adenosine triphosphate
ADP-Adenosine diphosphate
Therefore,
Energy needed for the phosphorylation reaction = Energy needed to convert a mole of ADP to ATP =
Number of ADP in one mole of ADP =
Energy needed to convert one ADP to ATP,
=
Maximum energy that one
Minimum number of
Putting the values,
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 19 Solutions
BIOCHEMISTRY
- Movement of Dyes in an Agarose Gel.This problem tests your ability to understand basic concepts of agarose gel electrophoresis.The gel is loaded from lane 1 at the top to lane 7 at the bottom with: bromophenol blue, safranin O, orange G, crystal violet, xylene cyanol, methylene blue, and the unknown.Lines have been added to the gel to help you locate the center of the wells. Which known dye samples are positively charged? Which known dyes are in the unknown sample in lane 7?arrow_forwardTroubleshooting gels. What effect will be observed on the stained bands of protein in apolyacrylamide gel if…a. …the samples are not incubated at 95˚C prior to loading?b. …the gel is run at too high or too low a voltage?c. …too much protein is loaded?arrow_forwardPlease don't provide handwriting solutionarrow_forward
- photosynthesis. Historical Discovery Process The chemical changes that occur during photosynthesis have been investigated for the past 300 years. The general highlights of these discoveries help us to understand the basic process of photosynthesis. Three centuries ago people wondered where plants came from. They knew that plants grew out of the ground, but how that happened was a complete mystery to them. The first step in answering the question was to plant a small tree in a large pot supported off the ground. They did this so that the soil of the container was separated from the soil of the earth. Only the dirt in the pot was available to the plant. The people cared for the plant during one year. At the end of the year the small tree had gained 100 kg. (The actual data from this experiment have been changed to simplify the discussion.) 1. What do you think the experimenters considered as two possible sources for the substances (matter) that became incorporated into new tree growth?…arrow_forwardRET or FRET. Resonance energy transfer: a. Results in separation of charge. b. Powers ATP synthesis. c. Allows energy flux in the light-harvesting complex. d. Does not existarrow_forwardOH affromah. The Standard free energy CAGO¹) of the reaction shown above can be estimated based on? OH A. High Energy bands B. Reduction potential C. cannot be estimated OH energy. он The reaction shown above requires the cofactor to proceed forward without significant was te of A.ATP B. Nicotinamide C. Flavin D. No cofactor required 3 Determine approximate 46°1 of the coupled reaction KJ/mol possible answers: (0,-8,-15,-22,-30, -38,-45) The class of enzyme that catalyzes the reaction is possible answers: Mutase, Isomerase, ki nase, phosphatase, Dehydrogenase, Aidolasearrow_forward
- multiple choice, choose the correct answer Under which of the following conditions would an enzyme fail to be accurately described by the M-M equation:1. kcat >> k1 or k-12. In the presence of a negative allosteric effector3. At low concentrations, the reaction is first order with respect to substrate concentration4. At high concentrations the reaction is zero order with respect to substratearrow_forwardThe molar absorption coefficient of cytochrome P450. an enzyme involved in the breakdown of harmful substances in the liver and small intestine. at 522 nm is 291 dm3 mol-1 cm-1. When light of that wavelength passes through a cell of length 6.5 mm containing a solution of the solute. 39.8 percent of the light was absorbed. What is the molar concentrat ion of the solute?arrow_forwardThank you for helping me. I have to questions. In solution B, if we choose two other points on the graph for calculating the slope, wouldnt the values for Km/Vmax be different than 6.1? Why did you choose exactly those points on the graph? Another thing, I understand the method you used to get to Km/Vmax= slope, but how did you then get the value for Vmax to be 10 mM/s??arrow_forward
- Silent Mode On The A photo-ablative effect causes photo-dissociation or breaking of molecular bonds in tissue.arrow_forwardPlz do explain.arrow_forwardLabel the horizontal axis. Consider two proteins: hexokinase has a pI ~ 4.5, and actin has a pI ~ 7.5. Draw a curve for each protein on the axes, indicating how the charge of the protein changes with the pH of the medium. Be sure to label which curve is which.arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON