Chapter 19, Problem 3RQ

To determine

The reason how distillation separates components of mixture.

Answer to Problem 3RQ

The distillation separates the pure liquid compound through its vapour that is formed after heating.

Explanation of Solution

When two or more substances combine and mix they form a mixture. The substances in a mixture retain their individual properties in a mixture.

The components of the mixture can have some different physical properties. By using them, the components can be separated from one another.

Another physical property that can be used is melting or boiling point.

In distillation, the mixture is heated. When one of the components reaches its boiling point. The vapours are formed. The vapours are passed into the condenser. The vapour thus obtained is condensed, and the pure component is obtained.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the distillation separates the pure liquid compound through its vapour that is formed after heating.