Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Interpretation: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Concept introduction: The
Nucleophile is the chemical species that donates its electron pair to electron deficient species with removal of multiple bonds. They have lone pairs to form the bonds with electrophiles.
(b)
To determine: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Interpretation: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Concept introduction: The chemical reactions that involve the use of organic compounds are known as organic reactions. The basic organic reactions are substitution reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions and rearrangement reactions.
Nucleophile is the chemical species that donates its electron pair to electron deficient species with removal of multiple bonds. They have lone pairs to form the bonds with electrophiles.
(c)
To determine: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Interpretation: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Concept introduction: The chemical reactions that involve the use of organic compounds are known as organic reactions. The basic organic reactions are substitution reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions and rearrangement reactions.
Nucleophile is the chemical species that donates its electron pair to electron deficient species with removal of multiple bonds. They have lone pairs to form the bonds with electrophiles.
(d)
To determine: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Interpretation: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Concept introduction: The chemical reactions that involve the use of organic compounds are known as organic reactions. The basic organic reactions are substitution reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions and rearrangement reactions.
Nucleophile is the chemical species that donates its electron pair to electron deficient species with removal of multiple bonds. They have lone pairs to form the bonds with electrophiles.
(e)
To determine: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Interpretation: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Concept introduction: The chemical reactions that involve the use of organic compounds are known as organic reactions. The basic organic reactions are substitution reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions and rearrangement reactions.
Nucleophile is the chemical species that donates its electron pair to electron deficient species with removal of multiple bonds. They have lone pairs to form the bonds with electrophiles.
(f)
To determine: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Interpretation: The nucleophilic attack of sodium ethoxide
Concept introduction: The chemical reactions that involve the use of organic compounds are known as organic reactions. The basic organic reactions are substitution reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions and rearrangement reactions.
Nucleophile is the chemical species that donates its electron pair to electron deficient species with removal of multiple bonds. They have lone pairs to form the bonds with electrophiles.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY MASTERINGCHEM ACCESS
- Which of the following can behave as an electrophile? A. HBr B. Cl- C. CH3O- D. CH3CH2CH2CH3arrow_forward76% 4. Classify each structure below as a nucleophile or electrophile (or both) and briefly explain your choice. a. N31- (the azide ion) C. phenol b. H3O+ (the hydronium ion)arrow_forward5. In an organic reaction, which of the following is most likely to function as only a nucleophile? a. BF3 b. (CH3)2CH2NH2 с. Fe2+ d. CH3CH2S¯ e. both a and carrow_forward
- 4. A CHEM 245 student wants to synthesize some ethylene glycol to use as antifreeze in his radiator this winter. He proposes the following reaction to his instructor, who quickly explains that this reaction won't work as proposed due to the student's choice of reagent. 1) NaH 2) H20 OH Но a) Why can't sodium hydride (NaH) be used as the nucleophile in the reaction above? b) Propose an alternate reagent that COULD be used with the ethylene oxide to successfully give the desired ethylene glycol product.arrow_forwardHow does gold help to catalyze the reaction in the gold catalysis experiment? It deprotonates the methanol, making methanol a better nucleophile. оа. o b. It donates electron density to the alkyne, making the alkyne a better nucleophile. О с. It coordinates to the methanol, making methanol a better nucleophile. o d. It coordinates to the alkyne, making the alkyne a better electrophile.arrow_forwardS. Classify the following reagents as either nucleophiles or electrophiles: Znt, CH,NH2, HS, OH, , CH,COOH, H,SO,arrow_forward
- 2. In the following reactions identify the nucleophile by writing Nu on the atom that does the attacking. Then circle the atom that is the leaving group in the electrophile. a. b. N Br F + + Na Me Iton MeOH olapidmolo-1 ydw niele, brinsw Insbrta staulis pach Maiy bookarrow_forwardRank the species in each group in order of increasing nucleophilicity. a. CH3CH2S−CH3CH2O−, CH3CO2− in CH3OH b. CH3NH2, CH3SH, CHOH in acetone c.−OH, F−, Cl− in acetone d. HS−, F−, Cl− in CH3OHarrow_forwardMatch the species with the description of its reactivity. alkene chloride 1. nucleophile carbocation 2. electrophile HCIarrow_forward
- 1. Which of the following organic compounds is the least polar? a. CH3CH2CHO b. CH3COCH3 c. CH3CH2CH2OH d. CH3CH2OCH3 e. CH3COOH 2. Which reagent can be used to convert acetic anhydride to acetic acid? a. NH3 b. CH3COO- c. CH3OH d. None of these e. H2Oarrow_forwardCH2 = CH2 + Br+ CH2-CH2Br This is a step in a ____ reaction where ____ is the electrophilearrow_forwardWHAT IS AN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS OF CARBOXYLIC ACID WITH 4 SCHEMES? A. STARTING MATERIAL + REAGENTS= PRODUCT I B. PRODUCT I +REAGENTS= PRODUCT 2 C. PRODUCT 2 +REAGENTS= PRODUCT 3 D. PRODUCT 3 +REAGENTS= PRODUCT 4arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning
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