Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: The four different conjugate bases that would be formed by the deprotonation of the four different
Interpretation: The four different conjugate bases that would be formed by the deprotonation of the four different
Concept introduction: The delocalization of electrons due to presence of lone pair and double bond is called resonating structure. The structure is more stable if the resonating structures are more. When an acid donates a proton the species formed is known as conjugate base and when the base accepts a proton the species formed is known as conjugate acid.
(b)
To determine: The comparison between the stabilities of the resulting conjugate bases and the most acidic
Interpretation: The stabilities of the resulting conjugate bases are to be compared and the most acidic
Concept introduction: The acidity and basicity of a compound is influenced by the resonance. The amount of stability depends on the delocalization of the charge through the resonance.
(c)
To determine: The comparison between the most stable conjugate bases of ascorbic acid and acetic acid and an explanation corresponding to the fact that the two compounds have similar acidities even though ascorbic acid lacks carboxylic group.
Interpretation: The most stable conjugate bases of ascorbic acid and acetic acid are to be compared and an explanation corresponding to the fact that the two compounds have similar acidities even though ascorbic acid lacks carboxylic group is to be explained.
Concept introduction: The acidity and basicity of a compound is influenced by the resonance. The amount of stability depends on the delocalization of the charge through the resonance.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY MASTERINGCHEM ACCESS
- но HO но он The pK, of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is 4.17, showing that it is slightly more acidic than acetic acid (CH3CO0H, pKa 4.74). (a) Show the fou r different conjugate bases that would be formed by deprotonation of the four different OH groups in ascorbic acid. (b) Compare the stabilities of these four conjugate bases, and predict which OH group of ascorbic acid is the most acidic. (c) Compare the most stable conjugate base of ascorbic acid with the conjugate base of acetic acid, and suggest why these two compounds have similar acidities, even though ascorbic acid lacks the carboxylic acid (COOH) group.arrow_forwardThe C-H bond in acetone, (CH3)C=O, has a pką of 19.2. Draw two resonance structures for its conjugate base. Then, explain why acetone is much more acidic than propane, CH;CH,CH3 (pKa = 50). %3Darrow_forwardThe C – H bond in acetone, (CH3)2C = O, has a pKa of 19.2. Draw two resonance structures for its conjugate base. Then, explain why acetone is much more acidic than propane, CH3CH2CH3 (pKa = 50).arrow_forward
- Which of the following explains why alpha-amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, are nearly 1000 times more acidic than aliphatic carboxylic acids? H3N. R. An a-amino acid An aliphatic acid pK, 5 pKa = 2 O Inductive effects of the aliphatic group destabilize the conjugate base. O Inductive effects of the amino group help stabilize the conjugate base. O Inductive effects of the aliphatic groups help stbilize the conjugate base. O Inductive effects of the amino group destabilize the conjugate base.arrow_forwardBenozic acid (C6H5COOH) has a pKa of 4.20. a. What is the ratio of the acid to its conjugate base at a pH of 2.20?arrow_forwardWhat is the pKa of benzoic acid? What is the molar concentration of sodium benzoate (conjugate base)? What is the molar concentration of benzoic acid (weak acid)?arrow_forward
- What species is the conjugated base of HPO42-?arrow_forwardWhat is the conjugate base of H2SO4?arrow_forwardIdentify each of the following species a lewis acid or a tewis CN, FeCl₂ and (CH₂)₂ CH+ (2 Identify each of the following species as either Nucleophilic or electrophilic ; CI, Ht and carbon in H₂C+ as either base:arrow_forward
- The Ka1 of ascorbic acid is 7.94 x 10-5. Would you expect ascorbic acid dissolved in blood plasma (pH 7.35–7.45) to exist primarily as ascorbic acid or as ascorbate anion? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat is the conjugate base of the acid, NH +? What is the pK of NH +?arrow_forwardWhat is the conjugate base of HOAc? a H2OAc+ b OAc- c OAc2+ d HOAc+arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
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