Contemporary Labor Economics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259290602
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, David Macpherson
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2QS
To determine
Check whether the circumstances cause more hours or less hours to work.
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Consider an individual who had been planning to retire in five years. Unfortunately, they've just been laid off and the highest-paying job they've been able to find pays a lower hourly wage than did their previous job.
a) Using the concepts of the income and/or substitution effect, describe why we might expect this individual to retire earlier than they originally planned.
b) Using the concepts of the income and/or substitution effect, describe why we might expect this individual to retire later than they originally planned
Explain in detail
Discuss the possible substitution effect and the income effect of an increase in income on leisure time.
A worker views leisure and income as “goods” and has an opportunity to work at an hourly wage of $15 per hour.
a. Illustrate the worker’s opportunity set in a given 24-hour period.
b. Suppose the worker is always willing to give up $11 of income for each hour of leisure. Do her preferences exhibit a diminishing marginal rate of substitution? How many hours per day will she choose to work?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Contemporary Labor Economics
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Similar questions
- There are two consumers, Cindy and Shelly. Cindy’s marginal rate of substitution equals C/L.Shelly’s marginal rate of substitution equals (C – 200)/(L – 80). Assume that each personchooses not to work and that there are 168 hours in a given week. Since Cindy and Shelly arenot working, they qualify for welfare. Assume each individual earns $630 in welfare paymentseach week whether they work or not.(a) Given these numbers, calculate each person’s MRS. Show your work.(b) Using your answer from part (a), graph Cindy’s and Shelly’s indifference curves onthe same set of axes. Label everything.(c) Assume Cindy and Shelly are each offered a job, and they each could earn the samereal wage. Given your answer from part (a), who is more likely to take the job andwhy?arrow_forwardDiscuss the possible substitution effect and the income effect of an increase in income on leisure time.arrow_forwardASAP pls Discuss the possible substitution effect and the income effect of an increase in income on leisure time..arrow_forward
- Assume that a person earns $10 per hour and her non-labor income increases from $100 to$200. She also has 110 hours a week to decide either to work or leisure. a. Draw a budget constraint of this person.b. Draw an indifference curve to show the income and substitution effect of change innon-labor income. HINT: you can draw two separate graphs to show the effect ofsubstitution and income effects.arrow_forwardWhat happens to hours of work when the wage rate falls? Decompose the change in hours of work into income and substitution effects.arrow_forwardSuppose that the cost of living increases, thereby reducing the purchasing power of your income. If your money wage doesn’t increase, you may work more hours because of this cost-of-living increase. Is this response predominantly an income effect or a substitution effect? Explain.arrow_forward
- Labor-Leisure choice. Uses 80 hour maximum work week. Utility = R3C2 R = leisure C = dollar amount of income for consumption Budget Line 1: Wage = $16 per hour. No other income. Draw the Labor-Leisure diagram, including the budget line. Solve the point of optimization, and label it point A. Draw the indifference curve. Label it U1 Budget Line 2: Wage = $22 per hour. No other income. Draw the budget line for this new $22 wage. Solve the point of optimization, and label it point B. Draw the indifference curve. Label it U3 Use an auxiliary budget line to separate the income effect from the substitution effect. Identify the substitution effect as point S. Draw the indifference curve. Label it U2 The point of optimization for part C can be labeled, rather than numerically solved, as long as the drawn answers show expected results for two normal goods.arrow_forwardWith the substitution effect an individual will substitute their time between leisure and work, choosing to work more and take less leisure when wages ______________arrow_forwardAa1) For a non-participant in the labour market, an increase in non-labour income: a) will have an unknown effect because the income and substitution effects oppose one another b) will increase the reservation wage and leave the individual as a non-participant c) will have a large leisure inducing substitution effect d) will reduce hours worked because it is a pure income effect e) will reduce the reservation wage and (depending how big the reduction is) may coax the individual into the labour marketarrow_forward
- In Britain before 1870, both wages and hours worked rose, while after 1900 working hours fell as wages continued to rise. Based on this information, which of the following statements is correct? 1)After 1900, the substitution effect dominated the income effect, so that hours of free time rose. 2)In the period before 1870, the income effect dominated the substitution effect. 3)Sometime between 1870 and 1900 the substitution effect of a rise in the wage rate on the hours of free time changed from negative to positive. 4)The substitution effect dominated the income effect before 1870, but the income effect dominated the substitution effect after 1900.arrow_forwardKA. Ann has non-labour income M; hourly wage rate w. She can choose how many hours she works. She can use her income to purchase consumption, each unit of consumption has price p. (a) Initially, Ann decides not to work at all. Using a consumption-leisure diagram, explain her behaviour. (b) Now, her hourly wage rate increases to w’ > w. She decides to start working. Using an appropriate diagram, explain how she decides how many hours to work using substitution and income effects.arrow_forwardSuppose the wage you are being paid per hour doubles form $15 to $30. Would you decide to work more hours or fewer hours ? Is there an income and substitution effect involved in your decision about how many hours you choose to work? If so, what is being substituted for what?arrow_forward
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