Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 2, Problem 30P
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The outcome of Mendel’s dihybrid cross in which the allele for pea color and pea shape did not assort independently and are inherited as a single unit from a parent.
Introduction:
Law of independent assortment states that gene undergoes pairing during gamete formation. The pairing does not cause the mixing up of genes, but the genes exist as an independent unit. So, the effect is mostly shown by the dominant allele.
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Gray seed color in peas is dominant to white. Assume that Mendel conducted a series of experiments where plants with gray seeds were crossed with each other and the following progeny were produced: 320 gray and 80 white. (a) What is the most probable genotype of each parent? (b) Based on your answer in (a) above, what genotypic and phenotypic ratios are expected in the progeny?
Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment refers to
[ Select ]
In the picture below, what assorts independently from each other?
[ Select ]
If the cell in the picture below undergoes S phase and then Meiosis, what are the
possible gamete types? [ Select ]
Parent cell
A-
2n=4
a-
B.
A dihybrid cross is performed between two heterozygous individuals (heterozygous for two traits). The resulting offspring had 62 individuals that were dominant for trait 1 and 2 (D/D), 7 individuals that were R/R, 21 individuals that were R/D, and 25 individuals that were D/R. Using Mendelian inheritance as the null hypothesis, use χ2 analysis to determine if the trait follows Mendelian inheritance.
A. How many D/D phenotype offspring are expected?
B. How many R/D phenotype offspring are expected?
C. How many degrees of freedom are there?
D. What is your calculated χ2 value?
E. What is the critical value if using a probability of 0.05?
F. Does the trait follow Mendelian inheritance?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Ch. 2 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 2 - During the millennia in which selective breeding...Ch. 2 - Describe the characteristics of the garden pea...Ch. 2 - An albino corn snake is crossed with a...Ch. 2 - Two short-haired cats mate and produce six...Ch. 2 - Piebald spotting is a condition found in humans in...Ch. 2 - As a Drosophila research geneticist, you keep...Ch. 2 - A mutant cucumber plant has flowers that fail to...Ch. 2 - In a particular population of mice, certain...Ch. 2 - In humans, a dimple in the chin is a dominant...
Ch. 2 - Among Native Americans, two types of earwax...Ch. 2 - Imagine you have just purchased a black stallion...Ch. 2 - If you roll a die singular of dice, what is the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14PCh. 2 - How many genetically different eggs could be...Ch. 2 - What is the probability of producing a child that...Ch. 2 - Prob. 17PCh. 2 - Galactosemia is a recessive human disease that is...Ch. 2 - Albinism is a condition in which pigmentation is...Ch. 2 - A cross between two pea plants, both of which grew...Ch. 2 - A third-grader decided to breed guinea pigs for...Ch. 2 - The self-fertilization of an pea plant produced...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23PCh. 2 - A pea plant from a pure-breeding strain that is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 25PCh. 2 - A pea plant heterozygous for plant height, pod...Ch. 2 - In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28PCh. 2 - Considering the yellow and green pea color...Ch. 2 - Prob. 30PCh. 2 - Prob. 31PCh. 2 - Prob. 32PCh. 2 - For each of the following human pedigrees,...Ch. 2 - Consider the pedigree that follows for cutis laxa,...Ch. 2 - A young couple went to see a genetic counselor...Ch. 2 - Huntington disease is a rare fatal, degenerative...Ch. 2 - Is the disease shown in the following pedigree...Ch. 2 - Figure 2.22 shows the inheritance of Huntington...Ch. 2 - Prob. 39PCh. 2 - People with nail-patella syndrome have poorly...Ch. 2 - Midphalangeal hair hair on top of the middle...Ch. 2 - A man with Huntington disease he is heterozygous...Ch. 2 - Explain why disease alleles for cystic fibrosis CF...
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- Mendel crossed pea plants that produced round seeds with those that produced wrinkled seeds. From a total of 7324 F2 seeds, 5474 were round and 1850 were wrinkled. Using the symbols W and w for genes, (a) symbolize the original P cross; (b) the gametes; and (c) F1 progeny, (d) Represent cross between two F1 plants (or one selfed); (e) symbolize the gametes; and (f) summarize the expected F2 results under the headings: phenotypes, genotypes, genotypic frequency, and phenotypic ratio.arrow_forwardIn a dihybrid cross of two bi-allelic Mendelian genes, A (two alleles – completely dominant A and recessive a), and B (two alleles – completely dominant B and recessive b), such that the parental generation comprises of pure-bred homozygotes (i.e. AABB with aabb), what are the expected genotype and phenotype ratios in the F1 and F2, if the F1 cross is (a) an intercross and if the F1 cross is (b) a testcrossarrow_forwardRough coat (R) is dominant over smooth coat (r) in guinea pigs, and black coat (B) is dominant over white (b). This pair of contrasting traits obeys both of Mendel’s laws. If a homozygous rough black is mated with a homozygous smooth white, give the appearance of each of the following: F1; F2; offspring of F1 mated with smooth, white parent; offspring of F1mated with rough, black parent.arrow_forward
- According to Mendel’s second law, in the crossing between homozygous individuals concerning two pairs of nonlinked alleles, AABB x aaBB, what are the genotypical and phenotypical proportions in F1 and F2?arrow_forwardIn Mendel’s 1866 publication as shown in Figure 1-4, he reports 705 purple-flowered (violet) offspring and 224 white-flowered offspring. The ratio he obtained is 3.15:1 for purple: white. How do you think he explained the fact that the ratio is not exactly 3:1?arrow_forwardAssume that plant height is determined by a pair of alleles at each of two loci (A and a, B and b) that are additive in their effects. Further assume that each allele represented by an uppercase letter contributes 6 feet to height and that each allele represented by a lowercase letter contributes 2 foot to height. If a plant with genotype Aabb is crossed to a plant with genotype aaBb, what heights are expected in the progeny? 1/216ft : 1/2 12ft 1/4 16ft : 1/2 12ft : 1/4 8ft 1/4 20ft : 1/2 16ft : 1/4 12ft 1/4 24ft : 1/2 20ft : 1/4 16ft 1/2 20ft : 1/2 16ftarrow_forward
- A cross is performed between a pure-breeding pea plant with round and yellow seeds and a pure-breeding pea plant with wrinkled and green seeds. All F1 progeny have round and yellow seeds. The F1 plants are self-crossed. The following results are observed in the resultant F2 generation: 65 round and yellow, 42 round and green, 50 wrinkled and yellow, and 45 wrinkled and green. Use a Chi Square analysis to determine whether these traits follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment. Show all calculations.arrow_forwardOn the basis of Mendel’s observations (i.e. Mendelian patterns), predict the results from the following crosses with peas. Show the results in terms of genotypes, phenotypes, and their proportions in the offspring. The progeny of a tall (dominant and homozygous) variety crossed with a dwarf variety. The progeny of (a) self-fertilized. The progeny from (a) crossed with the original tall parent. The progeny of (a) crossed with the original dwarf parent.arrow_forwardUsing Mendelian symbols, our cross is PpYyRr × Ppyyrr. What fraction of offspring from this cross are predicted to exhibit the recessive phenotypes for at least two of the three characters?arrow_forward
- Mendel crossed peas having round seeds and yellow cotyledons with peas having wrinkled seeds and green cotyledons. All the F1 plants had round seeds with yellow cotyledons. Diagram this cross through the F2 generation, using both the Punnett square and forked-line methods.arrow_forwardGregor Mendel examined the inheritance of two traits in pea plants: seed coat texture and colour. Seed coat texture can be represented as S-smooth and s-wrinkled, and seed coat colour can be represented as Y-yellow and y-green. SSYY plants were crossed with ssyy plants to yield F1 pea seeds that were all smooth and all yellow. By crossing plants grown from these F1 seeds, Mendel obtained four different phenotypes of F2 seeds: • smooth and green seeds wrinkled and green seeds smooth and yellow seeds wrinkled and yellow seeds ● Use the following information to answer the next question. ● The F2 phenotypic ratio that Mendel obtained upon crossing two heterozygous smooth and yellow F1 individuals would have been: smooth and green wrinkled and green : smooth and yellow: wrinkled and yellow Record only the numeric values associated with the phenotypes. (Do not include the colons, spaces, commas, etc.)arrow_forwardWhat could be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios for a typical mendelian trait showed in the picture?arrow_forward
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