Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 43P
Explain why disease alleles for cystic fibrosis (CF) are recessive to the normal alleles (CF+), yet the disease alleles responsible for Huntington disease (HD) are dominant to the normal alleles (HD+).
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Explain why disease alleles for cystic fibrosis (CF)are recessive to the normal alleles (CF+), yet thedisease alleles responsible for Huntington disease(HD) are dominant to the normal alleles (HD+).
In addition to the allelic pair determining pattern baldness in man (B,b), consider early baldness to be due to another autosomal allele (E) on a different pair of chromosomes and also dominant in males but recessive in females. The phenotype for ee may be late or nonbaldness depending on sex and the genotype for B, b alleles. Two doubly heterozygous persons marry.
What is the phenotype of the male parent?
What is the phenotype of the female parent?
Give the phenotypic ratio expected among male children of couples such as this one. Show corresponding genotypes for each phenotype mentioned in your phenotypic ratio.
Give the phenotypic ratio expected among female children of couples such as this one. Show corresponding genotypes for each phenotype mentioned in your phenotypic ratio.
Explain why most loss-of-function alleles (hypomorphic or amorphic) are recessive to wild-type alleles, but some are incompletely dominant or dominant.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Ch. 2 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 2 - During the millennia in which selective breeding...Ch. 2 - Describe the characteristics of the garden pea...Ch. 2 - An albino corn snake is crossed with a...Ch. 2 - Two short-haired cats mate and produce six...Ch. 2 - Piebald spotting is a condition found in humans in...Ch. 2 - As a Drosophila research geneticist, you keep...Ch. 2 - A mutant cucumber plant has flowers that fail to...Ch. 2 - In a particular population of mice, certain...Ch. 2 - In humans, a dimple in the chin is a dominant...
Ch. 2 - Among Native Americans, two types of earwax...Ch. 2 - Imagine you have just purchased a black stallion...Ch. 2 - If you roll a die singular of dice, what is the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14PCh. 2 - How many genetically different eggs could be...Ch. 2 - What is the probability of producing a child that...Ch. 2 - Prob. 17PCh. 2 - Galactosemia is a recessive human disease that is...Ch. 2 - Albinism is a condition in which pigmentation is...Ch. 2 - A cross between two pea plants, both of which grew...Ch. 2 - A third-grader decided to breed guinea pigs for...Ch. 2 - The self-fertilization of an pea plant produced...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23PCh. 2 - A pea plant from a pure-breeding strain that is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 25PCh. 2 - A pea plant heterozygous for plant height, pod...Ch. 2 - In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28PCh. 2 - Considering the yellow and green pea color...Ch. 2 - Prob. 30PCh. 2 - Prob. 31PCh. 2 - Prob. 32PCh. 2 - For each of the following human pedigrees,...Ch. 2 - Consider the pedigree that follows for cutis laxa,...Ch. 2 - A young couple went to see a genetic counselor...Ch. 2 - Huntington disease is a rare fatal, degenerative...Ch. 2 - Is the disease shown in the following pedigree...Ch. 2 - Figure 2.22 shows the inheritance of Huntington...Ch. 2 - Prob. 39PCh. 2 - People with nail-patella syndrome have poorly...Ch. 2 - Midphalangeal hair hair on top of the middle...Ch. 2 - A man with Huntington disease he is heterozygous...Ch. 2 - Explain why disease alleles for cystic fibrosis CF...
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- Imagine you have a blood group of "X" which is recessive and expressed by xx. The dominant blood groups are Y and Z, where homozygous of these alleles are expressed as YY and ZZ, respectively. What will be the genotype of your parents blood group? Why? Please explain in your own words. [Max 200 words]arrow_forward1. A) Apply the concept of sex linkage to explain why color blindness is more prevalent in men than in women. B) Mary is concerned that she may be a carrier for hemophilia, a sex-linked condition located on the X chromosome. Mary is married to John, who doesn't have hemophilia. Assuming Mary is a carrier, what are the genotype ratios expected for Mary and John's kids (specify for boys and for girls)? C) Mary and John have 2 boys, none of them has hemophilia. Can we use this fact as proof that Mary does not carry the allele for hemophilia? Explain your argument.arrow_forward—Hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy (HCSMA) is a motor neuron disease in Brittany Spaniels. Breeding studuies within a kindred of more than 125 dogs (Brittany spaniel and beagle-Brittany outcrosses) have established an autosomal dominant inheritance for HCSMA. Which of the following genotypes would cause the dog to NOT HAVE HCSMA? Hh HH Hh A and C B and C– —(see question above for genotype) is a spaniel who is homozygous recessive for the HCSMA trait had a puppy with a spaniel who was heterozygous for this trait, what is the probability that the puppy would be normal? 0% 25% 50% 75% 100%arrow_forward
- Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive condition. Therefore, heterozygous (Cc) carriers do not display symptoms. Two parents who are carriers plan to start a family and you are a genetic counselor helping to advise them about their chances of having children affected by CF. a) Suppose the couple has 4 children, each one year apart. What is the probability that all 4 children will inherit CF? b) What is the probability that any 3 of their 4 children will not inherit CF, but 1 will be affected? c) What is the probability that their first child will not inherit CF, but the younger 3 children will inherit CF?arrow_forwardHuntington disease is a rare dominant condition in humans that results in a slow but inexorable deterioration of the nervous system. The disease shows what might be called age-dependent penetrance, which is to say that the probability that a person with the Huntington genotype will express the phenotype varies with age. Assume that 50% of those inheriting the HD allele will express the symptoms by age 40. Susan is a 35-yearold woman whose father has Huntington disease. She currently shows no symptoms. What is the probabbility that Susan will show symptoms in five years?arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by two copies of a mutated CFTR gene. If one in 100 (hypothetical scenario, not reality) people in the United States have cystic fibrosis, calculate the p and q frequency for the normal allele (p) and the mutated allele (q). Based on those calculations, what percentage of individuals would be expected to be homozygous dominant?arrow_forward
- Marfan’s syndrome is an example of pleiotrophy where individuals with a copy of the dominant allele have skeletal disorders, mitral valve prolapse and characteristic slender, loose joints. If Abraham Lincoln had a marfanoid disorder which he inherited from his mother, what are the chances he passed this trait on to his offspring? Consider that Mary Todd Lincoln, his wife, was 5’2”. please include a punnett squarearrow_forwardPls answer the very last question. “ suppose that lll-2 and lll-5 were to have a child. What is the probability that their first child will be have the disorder?”arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis in humans is caused by a recessive allele. A man is known to be a carrier of the cystic fibrosis allele. He marries a phenotypically normal woman. In the general population, the incidence of cystic fibrosis at birth is approximately 1 in 1,700. Assume Hardy-Weinberg proportions. What is the probability that the wife is also a carrier? Answer in decimal number only (three decimal places; example: 0.123). What is the probability that their first child will be affected? Answer in decimal number only (three decimal places; example: 0.123).arrow_forward
- To determine: The reason for the fact alleles that causes cystic fibrosis (CF) are recessive to the normal alleles (CF*) whereas disease alleles are causing Huntington disease (HD) aredominant to the normal alleles (HD*).arrow_forwardFarmer Brown had two hogs, Olga and Hank. Olga and Hank were normal, healthy hogs, but whenever Farmer Brown crossed them, a few of the piglets had cleft palates. Assuming a simple autosomal basis for cleft palate, what are the genotypes of Olga and Hank, and about what proportion of the piglets are born with a cleft palate?arrow_forwardEpilepsy is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations and sometimes loss of awareness. For epilepsy, the concordance values are 72% for monozygotic twins and 15% for dizygotic twins. 1) Is this a single gene inheritance or multifactorial disease? 2) Is there a strong genetic or environmental cause to the development of this disease? If both genetic and environmental causes are implicated, you have to indicate each of them separately.arrow_forward
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