ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (LL) W/WILEYPLUS NEXT
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781119664635
Author: Solomons
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 45P
True or false: For a molecule to be polar, the presence of polar bonds is necessary, but it is not alone a sufficient requirement.
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In the actual molecule of which this is a Lewis structure, which of the labeled distances can change?
marked
H-O
کا
unmarked
A
-H
H
List all the distances that can change. For example, suppose all the distances were measured at a certain time, and again 0.1s later. If distance A might be 50%
bigger or smaller the second time, but all the other distances are certain to be the same, you should write "A". If A and B might be different the second time,
but no other distances, you would write "A, B". And so on.
Note for advanced students: you can assume the molecule is dissolved in an appropriate solvent at room temperature.
0.0,...
You can click the "unmarked" tab to see the molecule without any of the distances marked.
X
) Bean hexene is an odor compound used in cosmetics and cleaners. It is also known as leguminal. Its formula is:
CH3CH2CHCHCH2CH2OCHCH2CH3
|
OCH3
Please draw a Lewis structure for this compound with CORRECT GEOMETRY (use dashes and wedges!)
Label all pi bonds in the molecule (if there are any)
Indicate the bond angles for the red highlighted section of the molecule. (hint: you may want to keep the main carbon chain in-plane with the page for clarity)
For this question, you don’t need to draw out the orbitals.
The molecular structure of hinokitiol is represented below (See attached image)
Draw a complete Lewis structure of the molecule and answer the following questions.
Complete the structure by adding ONLY hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms where needed. You must not create any other bonds. Atoms such as oxygen or nitrogen may have lone pairs to complete their octets.
Each of the non-hydrogen atoms of this skeletal structure has been randomly numbered.
Match the atom number with the orbital hybridization invoked for sigma bonding.
Match these to the below (A)) (Options: sp3, sp2, sp, s, p, d2sp3, dsp3)
A) 12, 9, 7, 2, 4
B) How many pairs of non-bonding electrons are there in the molecule?
C) How many CH3 (methyl) groups are there in the molecule?
D) How many CH2 (methylene) groups are there in the molecule? (i.e. # of C-atoms having exactly two bonded H-atoms)
E) How many CH (methyne) groups are there in the molecule? (i.e. # of C-atoms having exactly one bonded H-atom)
F) How many…
Chapter 2 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (LL) W/WILEYPLUS NEXT
Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.1
Propose structures for two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2PPCh. 2 - Prob. 3PPCh. 2 - Prob. 4PPCh. 2 - Prob. 5PPCh. 2 - Practice Problem 2.6
Using a three-dimensional...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.7
Trichloromethane (, also...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8PPCh. 2 - Prob. 9PPCh. 2 - Practice Problem 2.10
Write bond-line structural...
Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.11 Although we shall discuss...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.12 Write bond-line structural...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13PPCh. 2 - Practice Problem 2.14
One way of naming ethers is...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.15 Eugenol is the main...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.16
One way of naming amines is...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.17 Which amines in Practice...Ch. 2 - Prob. 18PPCh. 2 - Prob. 19PPCh. 2 - Practice Problem 2.20
Write bond-line formulas for...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.21
Write bond-line formulas for...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.22
Write bond-line formulas for...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23PPCh. 2 - Practice Problem 2.24 Write another resonance...Ch. 2 - Prob. 25PPCh. 2 - Practice Problem 2.26
Which compound would you...Ch. 2 - Practice Problem 2.27 Arrange the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28PPCh. 2 - Prob. 29PCh. 2 - Identify all of the functional groups in each of...Ch. 2 - 2.31 There are four alkyl bromides with the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 32PCh. 2 - Classify the following alcohols as primary,...Ch. 2 - 2.34 Classify the following amines as primary,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 35PCh. 2 - Identify all of the functional groups in Crixivan,...Ch. 2 - 2.37 Identify all of the functional groups in...Ch. 2 - 2.38 (a) Indicate the hydrophobic and hydrophilic...Ch. 2 - Hydrogen fluoride has a dipole moment of 1.83 D;...Ch. 2 - 2.40 Why does one expect the cis isomer of an...Ch. 2 - Prob. 41PCh. 2 - Prob. 42PCh. 2 - Prob. 43PCh. 2 - 2.44 Consider each of the following molecules in...Ch. 2 - True or false: For a molecule to be polar, the...Ch. 2 - 2.46 Which compound in each of the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 47PCh. 2 - The IR spectrum of propanoic acid (Fig. 2.16)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 49PCh. 2 - Write structural formulas for four compounds with...Ch. 2 - There are four amides with the formula C3H7NO. (a)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 52PCh. 2 - Prob. 53PCh. 2 - Prob. 54PCh. 2 - Prob. 55PCh. 2 - 2.56 Compound C is asymmetric, has molecular...Ch. 2 - 2.57 Examine the diagram showing an -helical...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1LGPCh. 2 - Prob. 2LGPCh. 2 - Prob. 3LGPCh. 2 - Consider the molecular formula C4H8O2. Predict...Ch. 2 - Consider the molecular formula C4H8O2. If any of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6LGPCh. 2 - Consider the molecular formula.
7. Pick five...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8LGP
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- 7)How many molecules from the list below are polar?arrow_forwardFor each compound in the table below, decide whether there would be any hydrogen-bonding force between molecules of the compound, or between molecules of the compound and molecules of water. name acetic acid dimethyl ether compound hypobromous acid formula or Lewis structure H :0: H-C-C-O-H H H H-C-0-C H H H T HBrO | H Between molecules of the compound? yes O O no O yes no yes hydrogen-bonding force no Between molecules of the compound and molecules of water? O O yes no yes no yes no Xarrow_forwardWhat do you mean by the below statement ? An inductive effect is the pull of electron density through σ bondscaused by electronegativity differences of atoms.arrow_forward
- The concept of valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) is presented in introductory organic chemistry as a way to predict molecular geometries. The idea be- hind VSEPR is that areas of electron density repel each other so that the geometry of bonds and/or lone pairs of electrons around any one atom places these areas as far apart as possible. For four areas of electron density, a tetrahedral geometry is predicted. For three areas of electron density, a trigonal planar geometry is predicted. Two areas of electron density lead to a linear geometry. VSEPR is simply a predictive tool, but in some cases, it gives an incorrect prediction. In these instances, additional insights into bonding are necessary, such as resonance. Interestingly, several important situations are critical to biochemistry where VSEPR breaks down. Two examples are shown here. :O: CH3 H,N H3N CH3 H :0: :0: Histidine The circled nitrogen atoms are predicted by VSEPR to be tetrahedral in geometry because each…arrow_forwardJust need the last two, Bond angle and 3D structure and polarityarrow_forwardPlease fill in the blank ! In part B, the difference is that the molecules have more than one atom with two or more attached neighbors. As molecules become larger and more complex, VSEPR theory does not attempt to create names for the overall geometries that result. Instead, we continue to consider the geometry about one central atom at a time. By giving the arrangement about each such atom in the larger structure, we can generate enough information to develop an overall picture. Thus, in your report for part B, you should determine which atoms have more than one bound neighbor, then repeat the procedure for part A. When deciding whether the molecules in part B are polar or nonpolar, focus on the molecule as a whole, not the geometry about a single atom. If the molecule is polar, draw a dipole arrow on your sketch indicating polarity.arrow_forward
- 12. Which of the following molecules is/are polar? For polar molecules, indicate direction of their dipole moment.arrow_forwardUse VSEPR theory to predict the shape of this molecule (POC13) and indicate any deviation from the bond angle(s) expected from a regular arrangement of repulsion axes. Show all the steps took to arrive at answer 4 to five sentencesarrow_forwardA student who missed this class needs to know how to predict the bond angles and shape of amolecule from looking at its bond-line representation. Write a concise but complete explanationfor this student.arrow_forward
- Use the VSEPR model to predict the bond angles around each central atom in the following Lewis structures (benzene rings are frequently pictured as hexagons, without the letter for the carbon atom at each vertex). Note that the drawings do not necessarily depict the bond angles correctly.arrow_forwardThe structural formula for vitamin C is Give a molecular-level explanation why vitamin C is a water-soluble rather than a fat-soluble vitamin.arrow_forwardIn each of the following molecules, a central atom is surrounded by a total of three atoms or unshared electron pairs: SnCl2, BCl3, SO2. In which of these molecules would you expect the bond angle to be less than 120? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
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