Domestic dogs evolved from ancestral grey wolves. Wolves have coats of short, straight hair and lack “fur-nishings,” a growth pattern marked by eyebrows and a mustache found in some domestic dogs. In domestic dogs, coat variation is controlled by allelic variation in three genes. Recessive mutant alleles in the FGF5 gene result in long hair, while dogs carrying the dominant ancestral allele have short hair. Likewise, recessive mutant alleles in the KRT71 gene result in curly hair, whereas dogs with an ancestral dominant allele have straight hair. Dominant mutant alleles in the RSPO2 gene cause the presence of furnishings, while dogs homozygous for the ancestral recessive allele have no furnishings.
A pure-breeding curly-and long-haired poodle with furnishings was crossed to a pure-breeding short-and straight-haired border collie lacking furnishings.
a. What are the genotypes and
b. If dogs of the
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Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
- Two genes, U and H, affect wing development in a species of flying pigs, where some pigs have wings and some do not. Pigs with wings are always homozygous at gene U (U1U1). Among pigs with wings, allele H4 codes for grey feathers and is dominant over allele H5, which codes for white feathers. Which of the following best describes this scenario? Group of answer choices 1.Recessive epistasis of U over H 2.Dominant epistasis of H over U 3.Duplicate Recessive Epistasis 4.Dominant epistasis of U over H 5.Duplicate Dominant Epistasis 6.Recessive epistasis of H over Uarrow_forwardimagine that you finally solved the mystery of the color pattern of zebras. One gene defines the color of the fur, with two alleles for two colors: black (B) and white (b). Both alleles are co-dominant. Another gene regulates the expression of the color through epistasis. You name the two alleles for this regulator gene G and g. The dominant allele G is necessary for the fur color (white is considered a color) to be produced. The recessive g allele does not allow fur color expression. Zebra with no fur color expression appear green. You breed two double heterozygous zebras. A)What do these double heterozygotes look like?______________________ B) Fill the Punnett square and provide the predicted proportion of zebras of different colors from that cross.... The colors obtained are the following (include expected ratio or percentage): C)Naturally, there are no green zebras. Propose a genetic explanation for this lack of green zebras? Answer:arrow_forwardYou discover a new allele of a gene important for tail formation in mice. WT mice have long tails, but mice heterozygous for the allele have short tails. When you cross two heterozygous mice together, you obtain a 2:1 ratio of short-tailed mice to long-tailed mice. None of the short-tailed progeny are homozygous. What type of allele results in short tails? A) dominant negative allele B) temperature-sensitive allele C) lethal allele D) partially dominant allele E) incompletely penetrant allelearrow_forward
- In humans, Rh-positive individuals have the Rh antigen on their red blood cells, while Rh-negative individuals do not. If the Rh-positive phenotype is produced by a dominant gene (A), and the Rh-negative phenotype is due to its recessive allele (a), what is the frequency of the Rh-positive allele if 84% of a population is Rh-positive?arrow_forwardAn experiment is conducted on the eggs of purple-feathered barn swallows. A clutch of eggs from this nest is separated into two halves. One half of the eggs are left with the purple-feathered parents, and the other half of the eggs are moved to a nest built by gray-feathered barn swallows. Genetic analysis has shown that barn swallows have genes coding for feather color. Upon maturity, all barn swallows left with the original parents have purple feathers, while those that were transplanted have gray feathers. This experiment is repeated with a large number of other nests with similar results. What explains the results of this experiment? A:Color in barn swallows appears to follow a pattern of codominance. B:Genes in the transplant parents appear to influence feather color in barn swallows. C:Genes appear to have no influence on color pattern in barn swallows. D:Color in barn swallows appears to be influenced by both genes and the environment.arrow_forward1. Honeybee workers undergo a resistant behavioral pattern called hygienic behavior. Susceptible worker genotypes failed to remove the diseased larvae, so that the disease spread easily throughout the honeybee colony. a) When inbred lines of resistant genotypes were crossed with inbred lines of susceptible genotypes, the F1 worker bees showed unhygienic behavior.Is hygienic behavior dominant or recessive in these bees? Why?arrow_forward
- From your research, you discover that in this species of fish, the allele for black color is dominant to orange color. Based on this research, can you determine the genotype of a black fish just by looking at it? Why or why not? Yes, because the recessive allele must have been eliminated by the dominant one. Yes, because the phenotype always expresses all the alleles. No, because you do not know the DNA sequence. No, because it could be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous.arrow_forwardIn Mexican hairless dogs, a double dose of a dominant allele may be lethal. What phenotype should the breeders combine to avoid losing lethal homozygous dominant class? What would be the resulting phenotype of the offsprings and its corresponding ratio?arrow_forward"In cattle, the allele that causes horns to grow is recessive. Another recessive allele causes the cows to grow abnormally large and muscular. These muscular cows are often called Belgian blue cows. If a cow that is heterozygous for both the horn and Belgian blue trait genes passes on the allele for growing horns to an offspring, what are the odds that the parent cow also passes on the allele for becoming very muscular to that offspring?" I know the answer is 50% but how do I get to this answer?arrow_forward
- Skin colour in humans is determined by more than one gene pair, whereas Rh factor in blood is controlled by one gene pair. Which would show more variability in the human population? Why?arrow_forwardThe hairless gene allele, H, in fruit flies, causes fruit flies to lack sensory hairs. The H allele is dominant; the recessive allele, h, causes flies to have normal sensory hairs. The dominant allele is lethal when homozygous. A second gene, suppressor of Hairless, Su(H), can block the phenotype of hairless. The dominant allele, Su(H), prevents the H allele from causing its phenotype, resulting in flies with sensory hairs. The dominant Su(H) allele is also lethal when homozygous. The recessive allele, su(H), allows the H allele to cause its phenotype. The Su(H) allele does not affect with the h allele. If you crossed a normal hair fly (of genotype H h Su(H) su(H) ) with another normal hair fly (of genotype H h Su(H) su(H) ), what proportions or ratios of genotypes and phenotypes would you expect to observe in the offspring? Show your work.arrow_forwardEvolution determines the change in inherited traits over time to ensure survival. There are three variants identified as Variant 1 with high reproductive rate, eats fruits and seeds; Variant 2, thick fur, produces toxins; and Variant 3 with thick fur, fast and resistant to disease. These variants are found in a cool, wet, and soil environment. In time 0 years with cool and wet environment, the population is 50,000 with 10,000 Variant 1, 15,000 Variant 2, and 25,000 of Variant 3. Two thousand years past, the environment remained the same with constant average temperature and rainfall. Variant 1 with a population of 26,000, Variant 2, 35,000, and Variant 3, 62,000. A disease spread throughout the population. However the population increased to 72,000. Determine the percentage increase in the population of the variants.arrow_forward
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