Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 11PIAT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The mechanism of restriction endonuclease and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) ligase to insert a potato blight resistance gene into a plasmid.
Introduction:
Restriction endonucleases are the enzymes that cleave the DNA molecule at specific sites within the molecule. However, the DNA ligases are the enzymes that ligate the DNA fragments.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Genetically modified foods are products produced from organisms that have had changes
introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering. Golden rice, Flavr Savr
tomatoes and Roundup Ready soyabeans are products of this technology. Discuss the
advantages of these three genetically modified crops. Name ONE (1) strategy to produce
transformed plant cells.
Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation is a method used to create transgenic plants.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil bacterium works exceptionally well as a natural genetic
engineer. Describe briefly the creation of a transgenic plant using A. tumefaciens with
illustration.
Scientists modified the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid, a naturally occurring plant plasmid found in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, to create a tool used to introduce any gene of interest into plant cells. They created a binary system because a single Ti plasmid is too large to be easily manipulated. One part of the system is a disarmed
plasmid, and the second part is a transformation vector. The following sentences describe the function of key DNA elements in the system.
Virulence
region
Genes for
conjugative transfer
Disarmed
Ti plasmid
(T-region removed)
ori
Kan selectable marker
plant selectable marker
constitutive promoter
T-region
conjugative transfer
virulence
Kan
(bacterial
selectable
marker)
Amp selectable marker
Plant selectable marker
(e.g., herbicide resistance)
Constitutive
promoter
T-DNA left
border
Place the terms in the appropriate blanks to complete the sentences. Not all terms will be used.
3' transcriptional terminator
MCS (inserted
gene of interest)
T-region
Transformation…
Chapter 20 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 20 - What is a plasmid? a. an organelle found in many...Ch. 20 - CAUTION The human genome size is 3 billion base...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11PIATCh. 20 - Transgenic plants usually contain genes of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13PIATCh. 20 - 14. PROCESS OF SCIENCE Why was it important to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 15PIATCh. 20 - Prob. 16PIAT
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Why is “Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation” in plants described as natural genetic engineer of plants?arrow_forwardWhy is Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation described as Natural Genetic engineering in plants?arrow_forwardYou are cloning a gene called ice, which will help strawberry plants survive in cold weather, into a test group of strawberry plants. Select the events you would use to genetically engineer these plants. Insert the ice gene into the T-DNA region of a Ti plasmid; transform Agrobacterium tumefaciens with this plasmid; Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Select plant cells that have taken up the ice gene. Insert the ice gene into the T-DNA region of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens chromosome; Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Select plant cells that have taken up the ice gene. O Insert the ice gene into a Ti transposon; Introduce the transposon into Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid: Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Select plant cells that have taken up the ice gene. Insert the ice gene into a Ti bacteriophage; transduce Agrobacterium tumefaciens with this…arrow_forward
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium that infects a wide range of broad-leaved plants. During infection, a plasmid called Ti is transferred into the plant cells, where that plasmid DNA is integrated into the plant’s genome. Some of the genes encoded by this plasmid are expressed by host cell machinery in the plant cell. These gene products produce plant hormones which stimulate cell division in the infected cells, causing the development of a plant tumor which provides an environment for that bacterium to grow. You are studying a novel isolate of A. tumefaciens and want to determine which of the genes on the Ti plasmid are expressed in the bacterium, and which are expressed in the plant. You start by sequencing the Ti plasmid. a) Considering the DNA sequence of Ti, describe two specific genetic features that would help you to differentiate whether a given gene is likely expressed in the plant or bacterium. b) You collect plant tumor tissue, containing both bacterial and plant…arrow_forwardA hypothetical gene for cephalosporin resistance is found to be carried by a transposon. Explain what a transposon is. Then explain how the cephalosporin resistance could be horizontally transferred between organisms by transformation, conjugation, and transduction. What steps/events would have to occur to allow the transposon to be transferred by each method. Also, explain how it could be transferred vertically between organisms.arrow_forwardPlasmid A carries an ampicillin resistant gene (bla) and a gene for production of a GFP protein; this protein allows bacteria to fluoresce green when irradiated with UV light. If we transform a bacteria that does not have either of these genes or traits with plasmid A, the bacteria transformed with plasmid A should now (select both correct options). grow on plates containing kanamycin grow on plates containing ampicillin not fluoresce when irradiated with UV light fluoresce blue when irradiated with UV light fluoresce green when irradiated with UV lightarrow_forward
- The temperature at which the primers and target DNA hybridize may be changed to influence the stringency of PCR amplification. What effect will changing the hybridization temperature have on the amplification? Let's say you have a certain yeast gene A and want to check whether it has a human equivalent. How might managing the hybridization's rigor benefit you?arrow_forwardExplain how a U-tube apparatus can distinguish between genetic transfer involving conjugation and genetic transfer involving transduction. Do you think a U-tube could be used to distinguish between transduction and transformation?arrow_forwardBacterial transformation and bacteriophage labeling experiments proved that DNA was the hereditary material in bacteria and in DNA-containing viruses. Some viruses do not contain DNA but have RNA inside the phage particle. An example is the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) that infects tobacco plants, causing lesions in the leaves. Two different variants of TMV exist that have different forms of a particular protein in the virus particle that can be distinguished. It is possible to reconstitute TMV in vitro (in the test tube) by mixing purified proteins and RNA. The reconstituted virus can then be used to infect the host plant cells and produce a new generation of viruses. Design an experiment to show that RNA, rather than protein, acts as the hereditary material in TMV.arrow_forward
- After transformation you were asked to grow bacterial cells transformed with plasmid on a plate that had X-gal and ampicillin. X-Gal is often used as in indicator dye, which turns blue when metabolized by B-galactosidase protein and used to test if cloning experiments have worked. [Note look at the vector diagrams carefully] Briefly explain how you would find the bacterial cells that are transformed with the plasmid with the YFG inserted.arrow_forwardThe introduction of genes into plants is a common practice that has generated not only a host of genetically modified foodstuffs, but also significant worldwide controversy. Interestingly, a tumor-inducing plasmid is often used to produce genetically modified plants. Is the use of a tumor-inducing plasmid the source of such controversy?arrow_forwardDescribe the Ti plasmid binary vector system used in plant transformation and provide details of how this system can be utilized to protect plants against viruses.arrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license