To determine: The number of genes that are necessary to specify a complete developmental network for a fruit fly.
Introduction: It is observed that developmental genetics depends on the regulation and expression of a complex network of genes through transcription factors. In Drosophila, such a network is seen to regulate the body plan and the morphological structures of the organism.
To determine: The number of genes that are needed for a network to specify one segment.
Introduction: It is observed that developmental genetics depends on the regulation and expression of a complex network of genes through transcription factors. In Drosophila, such a network is seen to regulate the body plan and the morphological structures of the organism.
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- Compare and contrast how maternal-effect genes, gap genes, and homeotic genes affect Drosophila development.arrow_forwardDiscuss the role of homeotic genes in development. Explain what happens to the phenotype of a fruit fly when a gain-of-function mutation in a homeotic gene causes the protein to be expressed in an abnormal region of the embryo. What are the consequences of a loss-of-function mutation in such a gene?arrow_forwardThe following are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. A secondary embryo is formed when a second dorsal lip of blastophore is grafted into an embryo. What concept? Question #2. Retinoic acid, whenused by pregnant women causes developmental abnormalities. What concept? Question #3. The DNA of every nucleus in the cells of an organism are identical. What concept?arrow_forward
- The following choices are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. A secondary embryo is formed when a second dorsal lip of blastophore is grafted into an embryo. What concept? Question #1. Retinoic acid, when used by pregnant women causes developmental abnormalities. What concept?arrow_forwardDevelopmental genes act hierarchically during pattern formation, first defining broad regions, which aresecondarily refined to form a larger number of smaller regions. Summarize how this general principle isillustrated during the early stages of Drosophila embryogenesis.arrow_forwardThe following are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. Sculpturing of the fingers. What concept? Question #2. The exact location of your thumb and pinky. What concept?arrow_forward
- The following are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. Choose the correct answer from the list. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. Some genes switched on all the time whereas other are genes are "turned off" at certain stage of development. What concept? Question #2. The blastomeres can become any cell of the body. What concept? Question #3. The limb bud consists of different cells which give rise to the limb. What concept?arrow_forwardExplain hoxA3 and HoxD3 genes are nearly equivalent yet they play distinct roles in the development of mouse.arrow_forwardName three possible factors contributing to early asymmetries in a developing embryo (i.e. what are the kinds of things early on that lead to the development of the body axes - dn, a/p, l/r, etc)? In the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster, the anterior-to-posterior body axis becomes segmented into distinct regions. explain the role of the genes bicoid and nanos in this process.arrow_forward
- The following are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. Choose the correct answer from the list. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. The outermost part of the cup-shaped embryo is destined to form the nervous system and the skin. What concept? Question #2. It refers to the directive influences in ontogeny. What concept? Question #3. Sculpturing of the fingers. What concept?arrow_forwardThe following choices are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. Metamorphosis in frog. What concept? Question #2. An endodermal cell taken from a late gastrula stage grafted in the region of the ectoderm developed into stomach. What concept?arrow_forwardThe following are various developmental phenomena relating to the concepts and principles in developmental biology. A. Concept of apoptosis B. Concept of prefomed guidelines C. Concept of programmed gene action D. Concept of capacity E. Concept of fate F. Concept of environmental influences G. Concept of induction H. Concept of progressively formed guidelines I. Concept of Differentiation J. Concept of guidelines K. Concept of Gradient L. Concept of differentiation Question #1. The intestine is derived from the endoderm. What concept? Question #2. Metamorphosis in frog. What concept? Question #3. An endodermal cell taken from a late gastrula stage grafted in the region of the ectoderm developed into stomach. What concept?arrow_forward
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