Chapter 20, Problem 20.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The monosaccharide needs to be classified by determining the type of carbonyl group and number of carbon atoms present in it.

Concept introduction:

Monosaccharide can be characterized according to the type of carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms in their chain. In the classification of monosaccharide based on type of carbonyl group and number of carbons present in the chain, if the monosaccharide contains an aldehyde group, the prefix aldo- is added to the name and it is called an aldose. On the other hand, if a ketone group is present, it is a ketose or the prefix keto- is added to the name. Depending on the number of C atoms present in the chain, the name of the monosaccharide will be:

Number of carbons	Name
3	Trioses
4	Tetroses
5	Pentoses
6	Hexoses
7	Heptoses

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chiral center needs to be located in the given monosaccharide.

Concept introduction:

Chiral carbon is an asymmetric carbon which contains four different types of groups or atoms. Monosaccharide can have one or more chiral centers.