EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133983401
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: YUZU
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 24RQ
Compare and contrast the terms in each set:
- a. principal cells and intercalated cells
- b. renin, ANG II, aldosterone, ACE
- c. respiratory acidosis and
metabolic acidosis, including causes and compensations - d. water reabsorption in proximal tubule, distal tubule, and ascending limb of the loop of Henle
- e. respiratory alkalosis and metabolic alkalosis, including causes and compensations
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
a patient with diabetes has been diagnosed with metabolic acidosis. identify the mechanisms by which the body will adapt, CHECK ALL THAT APPLY
a. reabsorption of H ions from proximal convoluted tubule
b. increased respiratory rate
c. decreased filtration of HCO3 in glomerular capsule
d. reabsorption of filtered HCO3 from the proximal convoluted tubule
e. secretion of H ions by the intercalated cells
All of the following are true about glucose recovery from the tubule fluid, except (choose the incorrect statement):
A. All filtered glucose is released in the PCT unless plasma glucose abnormally high
B. It is reabsorbed by coupling with Na+ recovery via a sodium glucose cotransporter
C. Glucose recovery is made possible by low intracellular Na+ concentrations created by the NaK pump
D. The CD recovers any glucose that is not reabsorbed by the PCT nephron loop and DCT
this is not and will not be graded
Which of the following is TRUE about glucose reabsorption in the kidney?
a.If an individual does not have diabetes mellitus, 100% of filtered glucose is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule.
b.If an individual has diabetes mellitus, filtered glucose will be present in all the renal tubule.
c.Glucose reabsorption along the proximal convoluted tubule uses the sodium glucose secondary active transporter and it is independent of insulin.
d.All of the above
e.None of the above
asap
Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 20 - Does the apical membrane of a collecting duct cell...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2CCCh. 20 - A scientist monitoring the activity of...Ch. 20 - If vasopressin increases water reabsorption by the...Ch. 20 - Experiments suggest that there are peripheral...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6CCCh. 20 - Prob. 7CCCh. 20 - In Figure 20.9b, what forces cause Na+ and K+ to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9CCCh. 20 - Laboratory values for ions may be reported as...
Ch. 20 - A man comes to the doctor with high blood...Ch. 20 - Map the pathways through which elevated renin...Ch. 20 - Why is it more efficient to put ACE in the...Ch. 20 - Incorporate the thirst reflex into Figure 20.8.Ch. 20 - CO2+H2OH++HCO3(6) In equation 6, the amount of...Ch. 20 - Why is ATP required for H+ secretion by the H+-K+...Ch. 20 - In hypokalemia, the intercalated cells of the...Ch. 20 - What is an electrolyte? Name five electrolytes...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2RQCh. 20 - Prob. 3RQCh. 20 - List the receptors that regulate osmolarity, blood...Ch. 20 - How do the two limbs of the loop of Henle differ...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6RQCh. 20 - Prob. 7RQCh. 20 - Prob. 8RQCh. 20 - Write out the words for the following...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10RQCh. 20 - Prob. 11RQCh. 20 - Prob. 12RQCh. 20 - Prob. 13RQCh. 20 - Prob. 14RQCh. 20 - Prob. 15RQCh. 20 - When ventilation increases, what happens to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17RQCh. 20 - Figures 20.15 and 20.18a show the respiratory and...Ch. 20 - Explain how the loop of Henle and vasa recta work...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20RQCh. 20 - Prob. 21RQCh. 20 - Name the four main compensatory mechanisms for...Ch. 20 - Prob. 23RQCh. 20 - Compare and contrast the terms in each set: a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 25RQCh. 20 - Prob. 26RQCh. 20 - Prob. 27RQCh. 20 - Hannah, a 31-year-old woman, decided to have...Ch. 20 - Prob. 29RQCh. 20 - The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 31RQCh. 20 - Osmotic diuresis refers to the loss of additional...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1. 3 of the following are true of the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) A. The JG cells are located at the distal collecting tubule B. The Juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells) are modified smooth muscles in the afferent arteriole C. The Macula densa detects osmolality of the filtrate D. The Macula densa is made up of tall columnar cells 2. 2 of the following are true of the RAAS responding to a decrease in Na in the filtrate A. Macula densa detects the decrease in osmolality B. JG cells are stimulated by Macula densa through tight junctions C. Aldosterone stimulates principal cells of collecting tubule to reabsorb water D. Aldosterone reabsorbs Na and by osmotic forces increase fluid in the extracellular compartment 3. 2 of the following are true of the loop of Henle A. Descending thick limb is also called the pars recta of the proximal tubule B. The function of the descending thick limb is similar to the distal convoluted tubule C. Cells of the descending thin limb are very…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE concerning renal handling of potassium? a. A high potassium meal will cause enhanced basolateral uptake via sodium-potassium pumps b. Most potassium reabsorption occurs at the distal tubules c. Aldosterone enhances potassium reabsorption at the proximal tubule d. Potassium is not filtered, so urinary excretion of potassium will only occur by stimulating potassium secretion e. Decreased extracellular potassium concentration increases aldosterone production and thereby reduces potassium secretionarrow_forwardIndicate which of the following is (are) being described: angiotensisn II, aldosterone and/or ADH increases blood pressure by direct vasoconstriction (2 answers) stimulates insertion of aquaporins into the collecting duct (1) increases the secretion of the other two (1) acts on the principal cells of the nephron (2 answers) increases Na+ reabsorption by the kidney (1) has its production directly blocked by ACE inhibitors (1) increases water reabsorption by acting on kidney collecting duct (1)arrow_forward
- During a state of low blood volume and decreased extracellular sodium level (as in cardiac failure), which one of the following occurs? 1) B. Aldosterone is produced by the kidneys, leading to the release of renin, which increases kidney reabsorption of sodium. 2) D. Antidiuretic hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which increases reabsorption of sodium and water retention. 3) A. Renin is produced by the kidneys and is converted to angiotensin, which induces the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which in turn increases reabsorption of sodium and retention of water. 4) C. Renin is produced by the adrenal glands, leading to vasoconstriction and production of antidiuretic hormone by the pituitary gland, which increases fluid volume by causing water retention. no references, just homeworkarrow_forwardAn investigator is studying renal physiology in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When a substance that inhibits glucose reabsorption is given, which of the following best describes the clearance of glucose?a. Decreases and approaches the clearance of p-aminohippurateb. Decreases and approaches the clearance of inulinC. Increases and approaches the clearance of p-aminohippurated. Increases and approaches the clearance of inuline. Increases and approaches the clearance of sodiumarrow_forwardExtracellular fluids have relatively? A. high sodium and low potassium levels. B .high sodium and high potassium levels. C. higher concentrations of potassium, magnesium, phosphate, and D. sulfate ions. E. low sodium and low potassium levels. F. low sodium and high potassium levels.arrow_forward
- The blood flow to the kidneys is transiently reduced during acute renal ischemia. How a decrease in blood flow to kidneys affects the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sodium absorption, and blood pressure. Describe how decreased blood flow is detected in the kidneys, and how it affects renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone secretion, sodium and fluid retention, and blood pressure.arrow_forwarda. A person ingests an ion-channel inhibitor, such that the ion channels present in the Loop of Henle are only able to pump at half their normal rate? b. What would this person notice about changes to their physiological filtration? (Answer a and b)arrow_forwardPlease help me with these questions, more than one answer may be correct for each:1) Which of the following statements are true about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis? A) Angiotensin II stimulates production of aldosterone, which increases sodium reabsorption B) Renin converts angiotensinogen to angotensin I C) Angiotensin II stimulates production of vasopressin, which increases aquaporins in the collecting duct D) Vasopressin decreases thirst E) Renin lowers GFR 2) The purpose of excretion is to A) maintain internal pH B) remove harmful substances C) maintain plasma volume D) maintain osmotic balance E) maintain internal solute concentrationarrow_forward
- Describe the roles of antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone in the regulation of fluid excretion ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: what triggers release of ADH(i.e. stimulus). What ADH does (i.e. actions of ADH and location of receptors for ADH). Identify the effectors that respond to ADH and explain what happens when they are activated . What effect this has on fluid excretion and fluid retention.arrow_forwardHypovolemia and circulatory failure in DKA and HHNKS can be attributed to which factors? Question 75 options: Hyperinsulinemia and renal impairment Hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis Infection and counterregulatory hormones Metabolic acidosis and CNS depressionarrow_forwarda. Using Table 10.1, identify the diseases that result when the filtration membranes within the kidneys become damaged and are unable to restrict or regulate the movement/filtration of larger substances. b. What kinds of disorders cause damage to the filtration membrane? ABNORMAL CONDITION CAUSE COMPONENT Caused by glucose levels in the blood that exceed the renal tubule's ability to reabsorb it. It is a common sign of diabetes mellitus. Glucose Glycosuria or Glucosuria Albumin Albuminuria Caused by damage to the glomerular and resulting in the leakage of large quantities of protein, including albumin, into the filtrate. filtration mer Red blood cells Caused by damage to the glomerular filtration membrane, allowing whole cells from the blood to pass into the filtrate. Hematuria Hemoglobinuria Caused by the hemolysis of red blood cells within the bloodstream, which releases hemoglobin into plasma that crossek the glomerular filtraton membrane during Hemoglobin renal filtration. Diseases…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Photosynthesis & Respiration | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XIyweZg6Sw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY