Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
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Chapter 20.2, Problem 2CC

WHAT IF? Suppose that two species, A and B, have similar appearances but very divergent gene sequences, while species B and C have very different appearances but similar gene sequences. Which pair of species is more likely to be closely related: A and B. or B and C? Explain.

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WHAT IF? Suppose gene A is orthologous in species 1and species 2, and gene B is paralogous to gene A inspecies 1. Suggest a sequence of two evolutionary eventsthat could result in the following: Gene A differs considerably between species, yet gene A and gene B show littledivergence from each other.
WHAT IF? Suppose a molecular clock dates the divergence of two taxa at 80 million years ago, but new fossilevidence shows that the taxa diverged at least 120 millionyears ago. Explain how this could happen.
WHAT IF? Consider two species that diverged whilegeographically separated but resumed contact beforereproductive isolation was complete. Predict the outcome over time if the two species mated indiscriminately and (a) hybrid offspring survived and reproducedmore poorly than offspring from intraspecific matingsor (b) hybrid offspring survived and reproduced as wellas offspring from intraspecific matings.

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