Chapter 21, Problem 21.46P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given order of reactivity has to be accounted.

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on one reactant. First step is the formation of more stable carbocation which is followed by the attack of nucleophile. Formation of more stable carbocation and the leaving group present in the substrate plays very important role in the reactivity of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ reaction.

The increasing stability order of carbocation is as follows,

Primary carbocation < secondary carbocation < tertiary carbocation

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation. Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Leaving group: it is the fragment that leaves the substrate in a chemical reaction with a pair of electrons.