Concept explainers
To discuss:
What an APC does when it detects a foreign antigen; functional differences between MHC-I and MHC-II proteins; and the meaning of MHC restriction.
Introduction:
For all living organisms, there is a challenge for surviving by defeating the entire pathogenic organism. The human body kills the pathogen or eliminates the foreign particles by an organized system called the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system or immune system consists of a group of cells or immune cells, which inhabit all the organs of the body. The lymphatic system includes lymphatic organs and a group of lymphatic tissues that are involved in the immune system.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Chapter 21 Solutions
LSC (CONCORDIA UNIV ST PAUL) BIO 315/316: B&N DPF Connect with APR and Phils Online Access for Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function 180 Day Access ENTRP
- why this statement is false All TH cells express CD4 and recognize only antigen associated with class II MHC molecules.arrow_forwardDifferent MHC class I molecules between donor and recipient cells can lead to rejection of a transplanted organ or tissue. Suggest a reason for this.arrow_forwardComplement proteins function in defense by _______. a. neutralizing toxins b. enhancing resident bacteria c. promoting inflammation d. forming pores that cause pathogens to disintegrate e. both a and b f. both c and darrow_forward
- Somatic cells can display antigen [small peptides] and present them to the body’s immunesystem via their MHC/HLA receptor displays. Discuss the paths for MHC/HLA1 vs. MHC/HLA2display. How do these two paths fit into the health of the body, and the response of theimmune system to normal/disease/infection?arrow_forwardIntracellular "wood chippers" known as break down proteins into component parts (peptides) so that they can be recycled, reused, or transported by TAP proteins to be presented at molecules. the cell surface by O proteasomes, MHC II O lysosomes, MHC II Oproteasomes, MHC I Olysosomes. MHC Iarrow_forwardGene region/segment which dictates the antibody class formed by a given B cell. Heavy Chain C exons O Light Chain C exons O Heavy Chain C exons plus Light Chain C exons O Heavy Chain V,D, and J exonsarrow_forward
- Which are most important in helping the adaptive immune system fight cancerMHC class 2 proteins MHC class 1 proteinsarrow_forwardMajor histocompatibility proteins (MHC) presented with an antigen: are recognized by T lymphocytes both may be expressed by any nucleated cell and are recognized by T lymphocytes both may be expressed by any nucleated cell and are recognized by B lymphocytes may be expressed by any nucleated cell are recognized by B lymphocytesarrow_forwardPeptide editing is an important component of antigen presentation for both MHC class I and MHC class II pathways, as it drives the preferential presentation of high-affinity binding peptides. For MHC class II peptide editing, HLA-DM plays a key role. In the absence of HLA-DM: MHC class II molecules traffic to the cell surface with CLIP in their binding sites. No MHC class II molecules are released to traffic to the cell surface. MHC class II molecules bind to HLA-DO and are inhibited from binding peptides. Pathogens can evade the immune system by blocking peptide exchange on MHC class II. HLA-DO competes for high-affinity binding peptides with MHC class II molecules and blocks antigen presentation.arrow_forward
- True/False: MHC class I surface expression is dependent on an abundant source of pathogen-derived peptides. Thus, in uninfected cells, nearly all of the MHC class I proteins are degraded and never reach the cell surface.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements pertain to this cell. This cell is a precursor to a cell which: 1. is an antigen-presenting cell 2. demonstrates MHC I molecules 3. demonstrates MHC II molecules 4. demonstrates CD4 molecules 5. is capable of synthesizing and releasing perforin and granzymes Choose from the following: (A) 1, 2, and 3 (B) 2 and 3 only (C) 3 and 4 only (D) 1 and 3 (E) 1, 4, and 5arrow_forwardThe adaptive response is a robust and critical component of the immune systemis able to combat specific microbial pathogens through the processing and presentation of antigens to specific immune cells Discuss the antigen presentation pathways that are used for viral pathogens and extracellular bacterial pathogens. Include the type of MHC used in each pathwayarrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax CollegeHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305112100/9781305112100_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781938168116/9781938168116_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781285866932/9781285866932_smallCoverImage.gif)