Pearson eText Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780135213759
Author: John McMurry, David Ballantine
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 22.77CP
Why is it important for the cell that the NADH produced when pyruvate is converted to lactate be converted back to NAD+?
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What is the term for the process whereby the synthesis of ATP is coupled to the conversion of NADH or FADH2 to NAD+ or FAD, respectively?
How many molecules of NADH are produced if 12 molecules of glucose enter the glycolytic pathway?
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays an essential role in an exercising muscle, especially when the level of excursion surpasses the ability of circulatory systems ability
to supply adequate oxygen. What is the main reason LDH is so important to the muscle under these conditions?
It produces one mole of ATP via substrate level phosphorylation.
It resupplies NAD+ to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
It decreases pH thus decreasing the dissociation rate of oxygen from hemoglobin
It produces NADH for energy while converting pyruvate into lactate.
It removes excess lactic acid from the muscle to create pyruvate.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Pearson eText Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 22.1PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.2PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.3PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.4PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.5PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.6KCPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.1CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.2CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.3CIAPCh. 22.4 - Explain the chemical process that leads to...
Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 22.5CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.7PCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.8PCh. 22.5 - In alcoholic fermentation, each mole of pyruvate...Ch. 22.5 - Name three ways humans have exploited the ability...Ch. 22.5 - Pyruvate has three different fates. What are the...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 22.12PCh. 22.6 - Prob. 22.13PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.15PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.16KCPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.6CIAPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.7CIAPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.8CIAPCh. 22.8 - Prob. 22.17PCh. 22.8 - Prob. 22.18PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.19PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.20PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.21PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.9CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.10CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.11CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.12CIAPCh. 22 - What class of enzymes catalyzes the majority of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.23UKCCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24UKCCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25UKCCh. 22 - Classify each enzyme of glycolysis into one of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.27UKCCh. 22 - Name the molecules used for gluconeogenesis. What...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.31APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.32APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.33APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.34APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.35APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.36APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.45APCh. 22 - Review the 10 steps in glycolysis (Figure 22.3)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.47APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.49APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51APCh. 22 - How many moles of acetyl-CoA are produced by the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.53APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.54APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.55APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.56APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.57APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.58APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.59APCh. 22 - Why does glycogenolysis use fewer steps than the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.61APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.62APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.63APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.64APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.65APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.66APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.67APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.68APCh. 22 - Why can pyruvate cross the mitochondrial membrane...Ch. 22 - Look at the glycolysis pathway (Figure 22.3). With...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.71CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.72CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.74CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.75CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.76CPCh. 22 - Why is it important for the cell that the NADH...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.78CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.79CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.81CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.82GPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.83GPCh. 22 - It is important to avoid air when making wine, so...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.85GP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- How is the malate shuttle used in the liver to increase the number of ATP generated from glycolysis? Contrast this with how NADH from glycolysis is dealt with in the muscle.arrow_forwardUnder anaerobic conditions, pyruvate will be converted to lactic acid. Why does this occur? To convert NADH to NAD* to feed back into glycolysis To supply the glycolysis reaction glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate with needed electrons in the form of NADH Because lactic acid can be converted to glucose to feed back into glycolysis Because lactic acid is needed to resupply glycolysis with electrons Oarrow_forwardWhat is the function of NAD+ in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?arrow_forward
- What is the first cofactor to accept electrons from pyruvate in the Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? Thymine pyroposphate lipoyllysine FAD NAD⁺arrow_forwardHow come high levels of NADH indicate reduced coenzymes rather than oxidized coenzymes? Isn't pyruvate oxidized by the reduction of NAD+ to NADH? Why is the answer reduced then?arrow_forwardWhat is the net synthesis of ATP when one molecule of fructose-6-phosphate gets converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate?arrow_forward
- How many NADH and FADH2 will be produced when this fatty acid is completely metabolized?arrow_forwardDoes high amount of NADPHs inhibit or promote glycolysis and promote or inhibit the Pentose Phosphate PAthway?arrow_forwardWhy is less ATP is made from the reoxidation of FADH2 compared to NADH?arrow_forward
- Which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to the activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase? High concentrations of acetyl-CoA High concentrations of NADH High concentrations of NAD+ High concentrations of CO2arrow_forwardIn order to metabolize lactose, most infants express the enzyme lactase in their intestines. How many pyruvate molecules and NADH molecules can be generated in glycolysis from one lactose molecule? Please explain. How many ATP molecules will be used and generated by 1 lactose molecule? Please explain.arrow_forwardWhy does it make sense that under conditions of low ATP levels in the cell the pyruvate carboxylase reaction is activated by acetyl-Coenzyme A, whereas the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction is activated by Coenzyme A under these same conditions? When acetyl-Coenzyme A levels build-up, then pyruvate carboxylase generates oxaloacetate for the citrate synthase reaction, whereas when Coenzyme A builds up, then acetyl-Coenzyme A needs to be generated by pyruvate dehydrogenase to maintain flux through the citrate cycle. When Coenzyme A levels build-up, then pyruvate dehydrogenase generates oxaloacetate for the citrate synthase reaction, whereas when acetyl-Coenzyme A builds up, then Coenzyme A needs to be generated by pyruvate carboxylase to maintain flux through the citrate cycle. Oxaloacetate is needed for the citrate synthase reaction, but acetyl-Coenzyme A is needed for the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, so it is actually under conditions of low ATP levels that these enzymes are…arrow_forward
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