Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2.2, Problem 2SB
Summary Introduction
To review:
The number of protons and neutrons in carbon-11 and oxygen-15.
Introduction:
Atoms are the smallest particles capable of independent existence. These consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus, while electrons are present around the nucleus in shells. An atom has two specific constants, namely atomic number and mass number. Atomic number is the number of protons or electrons present in an atom. It is the same for all the atoms of an element. Mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 2.1 - Distinguish between an element and an atom, and...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 2.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 2.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 2.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 2.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 2.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 2.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 2.5 - Why are buffers important for living organisms?Ch. 2 - Which of the following statements about the mass...Ch. 2 - Oxygen (O) is a(n) _______; the oxygen we breathe...Ch. 2 - The chemical activity of an atom: a. depends on...Ch. 2 - When electrons are shared equally between atoms,...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is not a property of water?...Ch. 2 - The water lattice: a. is formed from hydrophobic...Ch. 2 - A hydrogen bond is: a. a strong attraction between...Ch. 2 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking What properties of...Ch. 2 - If pond water has a pH of 5, the hydroxide...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 2 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 2 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 2 - Discuss Concepts You place a metal pan full of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 2 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 2 - The pH of human stomach acid ranges from 1.0 to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 2 - Prob. 3ITD
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- An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22. How many neutrons does it have? a. 11 b. 12 c. 22 d. 44arrow_forwardPolonium is a rare element with 33 radioisotopes. The most common one, 210Po, has 82 protons and 128 neutrons. When 210Po decays, it emits an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons). 210Po decay is tricky to detect because alpha particles do not carry very much energy compared to other forms of radiation. They can be stopped by, for example, a sheet of paper or a few inches of air. This property is one reason why authorities failed to discover toxic amounts of 210Po in the body of former KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko until after he died suddenly and mysteriously in 2006. What element does an atom of 210Po decay into after it emits an alpha particle?arrow_forwardPolonium is a rare element with 33 radioisotopes. The most common one, P210o, has 84 protons and 126 neutrons. When P210o decays, it emits an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus 2 protons and 2 neutrons. P210o decay is tricky to detect because alpha particles do not carry very much energy compared to other forms of radiation. For example, they can be stopped by a single sheet of paper or a few inches of air. That is one reason why authorities failed to discover toxic amounts of P210o in the body of former KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko until after he died suddenly and mysteriously in 2006. What element does an atom of P210o change into after it emits an alpha particle.arrow_forward
- Which element has only one proton?arrow_forwardFigure 2.3 How many neutrons do carbon-12 and carbon-13 have, respectively?arrow_forwardPolonium is a rare element with 33 radioisotopes. The most common one, 210Po, has 82 protons and 128 neutrons. When 210Po decays, it emits an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons). 210Po decay is tricky to detect because alpha particles do not carry very much energy compared to other forms of radiation. They can be stopped by, for example, a sheet of paper or a few inches of air. This property is one reason why authorities failed to discover toxic amounts of 210Po in the body of former KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko until after he died suddenly and mysteriously in 2006. What element does an atom of 210Po decay into after it emits an alpha particle?arrow_forward
- Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. Which of the following statements is true of a neutral magnesium atom? a. It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons. b. It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and six neutrons. c. It has six protons, six electrons, and no neutrons. d. It has six protons, six electrons, and six neutrons.arrow_forwardVisit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ptable) to view the periodic table. In the periodic table of the elements, elements in a single column have the same number of electrons that can participate in a chemical reaction. These electrons are known as valence electrons. For example, the elements in the first column all have a single valence electron—an electron that can be donated in a chemical reaction with another atom. What is the meaning of a mass number shown in parentheses?arrow_forwardAn ion has 15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 18 electrons. The symbol for the ion is 31P3+. 31P3-. 31Ar3+. 34S+. 34S-.arrow_forward
- An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22 and an atomic number of 11.how many neutrons does it have? 11 12 22 44arrow_forwardIodine has 37 known isotopes. Therefore, the atomic mass has a range of 108-144 amu. Which of the following statements concerning iodine is correct? A) The isotopes of iodine have between 55 and 91 protons. B) An atom of iodine can have between 55 and 91 neutrons. C) The isotopes of iodine will always have the same number of neutrons, but the protons can vary. D) The isotopes of iodine have between 108 and 144 neutrons, but the number of protons will not vary.arrow_forwardChlorine is an element with the symbol Cl. Draw and label atomic structure of chlorine indicating the number and locations of protons, neutrons and electrons in one atom of chlorine.arrow_forward
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