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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The isomerization steps should be identified in the glycolysis process.
Concept Introduction:
Isomerization is a process where there will not be any change in molecular formula of a compound but there will be structural change.
Glycolysis process: This process breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid, this whole process generates two ATP’s.
This process serves as the foundation for both aerobic and anaerobic
Glucose is a six membered ring molecule founded in the blood and is usually a result of the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack ... and Biological Chemistry (4th Edition)
- What type of bond is hydrolyzed by alpha Amylase?arrow_forwardIdentify the 4 steps of gluconeoegenesis that are different from glycoslysis. Write the reactants, enzymes, cofactors/coenzymes and products involved in the gluconeogenesis pathway. GLUCONEOGENESIS Reactant Enzymes Coenzyme/ Product Cofactorarrow_forwarda) What happens during the two phases of glycolysis? Write the reaction steps of glycolysis showing their the enzymes that catalyze the reactions. (Draw only the structure of the first and last product) b) How many net moles of ATP can be synthesized from each mol of glucose? c) The overall equation for glycolysis?arrow_forward
- Which of the 10 reactions of glycolysis are (a) phosphorylations, (b) isomerizations, (c) oxidation–reductions, (d) dehydrations, and (e) carbon–carbon bond cleavages?arrow_forwardIdentify the molecule produce by the phosphorylation of ADP.arrow_forwardDefine the term glycosphingolipid.arrow_forward
- Describe the chemical reaction о glycolysis.arrow_forwardGive five examples of Cofactors and Coenzymes and describe each.arrow_forwardConsider the total breakdown of the glycogen structure below. Assuming each glycosidic linkage can be broken down completely and the resulting products are fed through glycolytic metabolism. a) If this molecule was in your muscles, how many molecules of ATP would it generate through fermentation? how many molecules of lactate? b) If the same molecule was in your liver, but was instead fueling glycolysis in your brain, how many molecules of ATP would it generate for the brain through glycolysis? c) The lactate produced in (a) is then transported back to the liver from your muscles. There, it can be used to drive glucose synthesis (known as the Cori cycle). Assume all glucose from this lactate is then re-incorporated into newly synthesized glycogen. List the steps needed for this transformation in the liver and the amount of ATP equivalents it will consume (going from lactate). Also, identify a signaling pathway that would trigger its incorporation into new glycogen, instead of being…arrow_forward
- How many ATP are produced from a triglyceride containing three 14 carbon fatty acids? NOTE: Assume that glycerol is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate (step 6 of glycolysis).arrow_forwardThioesters play important roles in glycolysis and tca cycle. List which reactions involve thioesters.arrow_forwardIndicate the general type of enzyme that mediates each glycolysis reaction depicted below. (e.g. Transferase, Oxidoreductase, Kinase, Hydrolase, Lyase, or Isomerase) iii. O H Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate H-C-OH + NAD CH₂O-P + P₁ H-O- -C-H Glucose →→ Glucose-6-phosphate H b 0 OH HO OH H-C- 0 -H HO- H ОН H-C-OH + NADH +H+ CH₂O P P ATP ADP 1 H (P-O- -C- H H HO OH 2-Phosphoglycerate → Phosphoenolpyruvate 0 OH H ОН -O~(P) + HOHarrow_forward
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