Chapter 25, Problem 13QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for the compounds based on their systematic names is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The structural formula is the formula thatprovides an insight into the structure of the compound. It shows all the substituents and functional groups present in that compound.

The structure can be easily written from the systematic name. The parent chain is at first drawn and then it is numbered from any end. The substituents can be written on those numbers bearing carbon in the parent chain.

Thereafter, the name is written, which includes the name of the substituent and the number of substituents. The substituents are written with their number in alphabetical order, followed by the name of the parent chain and the functional group as a suffix.

The suffix –olis used for the alcohol group.

The suffix –al is used for the aldehyde group.

The suffix –one is used for the ketone group.

The –e ending of an alkane is replaced by –amine for amine functional group.

The suffix amide is then added for the amide group.

The suffix -oate is used for the ester.

Functional groups are specific substituent within the molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reaction of those molecules.

Esters are the organic compounds thatcontain $-\text{COO}-$ as a functional group.

Alcohols are the organic compounds thatcontain $-\text{OH}$ as a functional group.

Ketones are the organic compounds thatcontain $-\text{CO}-$ as a functional group.

Amines are the organic compounds thatcontain $-\text{N}$ as a functional group.

Amides are the organic compounds thatcontain $-{\text{CONH}}_2$ as a functional group.

Aldehydes are the organic compounds thatcontain $-\text{CHO}$ as a functional group.