Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259822674
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 2.8, Problem 132FEP
To determine
The electric power output of hydroelectric power plant.
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Electric power is to be generated by installing a hydraulic turbine–generator at a site 110 m below the free surface of a large water reservoir that can supply water steadily at a rate of 900 kg/s. If the mechanical power output of the turbine is 800 kW and the electric power generation is 750 kW, determine the turbine efficiency and the combined turbine–generator efficiency of this plant. Neglect losses in the pipes.
In an hydroelectric plant, 100 m^3/s of water flows from elevation of 120 m to a turbine, where electric power is generated. The overall efficiency of the turbine-generator is 80 percent Disregarding frictional losses in piping. Estimate the electric power output of this plant.
Electric power is to be generated by installing a hydraulic turbine-generator at a site 70m below the free surface of a large water reservoir that can supply water at a rate of 1500kg/s steadily. If the mechanical power output of the turbine is 800kW and the electric power generation is 750kW, determine the turbine efficiency and the combined turbine-generator efficiency of this plant. Neglect losses in the pipes.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 2.8 - What is the difference between the macroscopic and...Ch. 2.8 - What is total energy? Identify the different forms...Ch. 2.8 - List the forms of energy that contribute to the...Ch. 2.8 - How are heat, internal energy, and thermal energy...Ch. 2.8 - What is mechanical energy? How does it differ from...Ch. 2.8 - Portable electric heaters are commonly used to...Ch. 2.8 - Natural gas, which is mostly methane CH4, is a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider the falling of a rock off a cliff into...Ch. 2.8 - Electric power is to be generated by installing a...Ch. 2.8 - The specific kinetic energy of a moving mass is...
Ch. 2.8 - Determine the specific kinetic energy of a mass...Ch. 2.8 - Calculate the total potential energy, in Btu, of...Ch. 2.8 - Determine the specific potential energy, in kJ/kg,...Ch. 2.8 - An object whose mass is 100 kg is located 20 m...Ch. 2.8 - A water jet that leaves a nozzle at 60 m/s at a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a river flowing toward a lake at an...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - What is the caloric theory? When and why was it...Ch. 2.8 - In what forms can energy cross the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - What is an adiabatic process? What is an adiabatic...Ch. 2.8 - When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider an automobile traveling at a constant...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated as a result of solar radiation...Ch. 2.8 - A gas in a pistoncylinder device is compressed,...Ch. 2.8 - A small electrical motor produces 5 W of...Ch. 2.8 - A car is accelerated from rest to 85 km/h in 10 s....Ch. 2.8 - A construction crane lifts a prestressed concrete...Ch. 2.8 - Determine the torque applied to the shaft of a car...Ch. 2.8 - A spring whose spring constant is 200 lbf/in has...Ch. 2.8 - How much work, in kJ, can a spring whose spring...Ch. 2.8 - A ski lift has a one-way length of 1 km and a...Ch. 2.8 - The engine of a 1500-kg automobile has a power...Ch. 2.8 - A damaged 1200-kg car is being towed by a truck....Ch. 2.8 - As a spherical ammonia vapor bubble rises in...Ch. 2.8 - A steel rod of 0.5 cm diameter and 10 m length is...Ch. 2.8 - What are the different mechanisms for transferring...Ch. 2.8 - For a cycle, is the net work necessarily zero? For...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on...Ch. 2.8 - Water is being heated in a closed pan on top of a...Ch. 2.8 - An adiabatic closed system is accelerated from 0...Ch. 2.8 - A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity...Ch. 2.8 - A vertical pistoncylinder device contains water...Ch. 2.8 - At winter design conditions, a house is projected...Ch. 2.8 - A water pump increases the water pressure from 15...Ch. 2.8 - The lighting needs of a storage room are being met...Ch. 2.8 - A university campus has 200 classrooms and 400...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a room that is initially at the outdoor...Ch. 2.8 - An escalator in a shopping center is designed to...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2100-kg car cruising at constant speed...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 51PCh. 2.8 - What is mechanical efficiency? What does a...Ch. 2.8 - How is the combined pumpmotor efficiency of a pump...Ch. 2.8 - Can the combined turbinegenerator efficiency be...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2.4-kW hooded electric open burner in...Ch. 2.8 - The steam requirements of a manufacturing facility...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 256E. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - A 75-hp (shaft output) motor that has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 59PCh. 2.8 - An exercise room has six weight-lifting machines...Ch. 2.8 - A room is cooled by circulating chilled water...Ch. 2.8 - The water in a large lake is to be used to...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-hp (shaft) pump is used to raise water to an...Ch. 2.8 - A geothermal pump is used to pump brine whose...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 265. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lower reservoir to a higher...Ch. 2.8 - An 80-percent-efficient pump with a power input of...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m...Ch. 2.8 - Large wind turbines with a power capacity of 8 MW...Ch. 2.8 - A hydraulic turbine has 85 m of elevation...Ch. 2.8 - The water behind Hoover Dam in Nevada is 206 m...Ch. 2.8 - An oil pump is drawing 44 kW of electric power...Ch. 2.8 - A wind turbine is rotating at 15 rpm under steady...Ch. 2.8 - How does energy conversion affect the environment?...Ch. 2.8 - What is acid rain? Why is it called a rain? How do...Ch. 2.8 - Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant?...Ch. 2.8 - What is the greenhouse effect? How does the excess...Ch. 2.8 - What is smog? What does it consist of? How does...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a household that uses 14,000 kWh of...Ch. 2.8 - When a hydrocarbon fuel is burned, almost all of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 82PCh. 2.8 - A typical car driven 20,000 km a year emits to the...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 84PCh. 2.8 - What are the mechanisms of heat transfer?Ch. 2.8 - Which is a better heat conductor, diamond or...Ch. 2.8 - How does forced convection differ from natural...Ch. 2.8 - What is a blackbody? How do real bodies differ...Ch. 2.8 - Define emissivity and absorptivity. What is...Ch. 2.8 - Does any of the energy of the sun reach the earth...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 5-m 6-m brick...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 0.5-cm-thick 2-m...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 292. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 94PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 95PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 96PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 97PCh. 2.8 - For heat transfer purposes, a standing man can be...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 99PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 100PCh. 2.8 - A 1000-W iron is left on the ironing board with...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-cm-external-diameter, 18-m-long hot-water pipe...Ch. 2.8 - A thin metal plate is insulated on the back and...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 2103. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - The outer surface of a spacecraft in space has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 106PCh. 2.8 - A hollow spherical iron container whose outer...Ch. 2.8 - Some engineers have developed a device that...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a classroom for 55 students and one...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a homeowner who is replacing his...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 111RPCh. 2.8 - The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that...Ch. 2.8 - A typical household pays about 1200 a year on...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 114RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 115RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 116RPCh. 2.8 - Consider a TV set that consumes 120 W of electric...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a 200-ft-deep well into a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 120RPCh. 2.8 - In a hydroelectric power plant, 65 m3/s of water...Ch. 2.8 - The demand for electric power is usually much...Ch. 2.8 - The pump of a water distribution system is powered...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 124RPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 126FEPCh. 2.8 - A 75-hp compressor in a facility that operates at...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, the air in a well-sealed room...Ch. 2.8 - A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity...Ch. 2.8 - A 900-kg car cruising at a constant speed of 60...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 131FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 132FEPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW pump is used to pump kerosene ( = 0.820...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 134FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 135FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 136FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 137FEPCh. 2.8 - Heat is transferred steadily through a...Ch. 2.8 - The roof of an electrically heated house is 7 m...
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- In a hydroelectric power plant, water flows from an elevation of 400 ft to a turbine, where electric power is generated. For an overall turbine–generator efficiency of 85 percent, Determine the flow rate of water if the irreversible head loss of the piping system between the free surfaces of the inlet and the outlet is 36 ft.arrow_forwardIn a hydroelectric power plant, 100 m3/s of water flows from an elevation of 120 m to a turbine, where electric power is generated . The total irreversible head loss in the piping system from point 1 to point 2 (excluding the turbine unit) is determined to be 35 m. If the overall efficiency of the turbine–generator is 80 percent, estimate the electric power output.arrow_forwardA 73-percent efficient 12-hp pump is pumping water from a lake to a nearby pool at a rate of 1.2 ft3/s through a constant-diameter pipe. The free surface of the pool is 35 ft above that of the lake. Determine the irreversible head loss of the piping system, in ft, and the mechanical power used to overcome it.arrow_forward
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- Underground water is to be pumped by a 78 percent efficient 5-kW submerged pump to a pool whose free surface is 30 m above the underground water level. The diameter of the pipe is 7 cm on the intake side and 5 cm on the discharge side. Determine the flow rate of water and the pressure difference across the pump if the irreversible head loss of the piping system is 4 m.arrow_forwardUnderground water is to be pumped by a 78 percent efficient 5-kW submerged pump to a pool whose free surface is 30 m above the underground water level. The diameter of the pipe is 7 cm on the intake side and 5 cm on the discharge side. Determine (a) the maximum flow rate of water and (b) the pressure difference across the pump. Assume the elevation difference between the pump inlet and the outlet and the effect of the kinetic energy correction factors to be negligible.arrow_forwardA large tank is initially filled with water 4 m above the center of a sharp-edged 10-cm-diameter orifice. The tank water surface is open to the atmosphere, and the orifice drains to the atmosphere. If the total irreversible head loss in the system is 0.2 m, determine the initial discharge velocity of water from the tank. Take the kinetic energy correction factor at the orifice to be 1.2.arrow_forward
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