Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 28, Problem 2QSDC
From a biological viewpoint, speculate as to why many traits seem to fit a normal distribution. Students with a strong background in math and statistics may want to explain how a normal distribution is generated, and what it means. Can you think of biological examples that do not fit a normal distribution?
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From a biological viewpoint, speculate as to why many traits seemto fit a normal distribution. Students with a strong background inmath and statistics may want to explain how a normal distributionis generated, and what it means. Can you think of biological examplesthat do not fit a normal distribution?
Why are some types of traits are highly heritable and other types of traits are not as highly heritable? Some traits are morphology, life history, behavior, and physiology.
Heritability of a biological trait is best defined as which of the following?
a.
The proportion of variation in a trait that is specifically due to genes.
b.
The proportion of variation in a trait that is due to the environment and genes
c.
The proportion of variation in a trait that is only due to dominant additive genetic variance.
d.
The proportion of variation in a trait due to developmental effects.
Chapter 28 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 28.1 - 1. Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 28.1 - 2. Saying that a quantitative trait follows a...Ch. 28.2 - The variance is a. a measure of the variation...Ch. 28.2 - 2. Which of the following statistics is used to...Ch. 28.3 - 1. For many quantitative traits, genotypes and...Ch. 28.4 - A QTL is a __________ where one or more genes...Ch. 28.4 - 2. To map QTLs, strains are crossed that differ...Ch. 28.5 - 1. In a population of squirrels in North Carolina,...Ch. 28.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 28.5 - 3. One way to estimate narrow-sense heritability...
Ch. 28.6 - 1. For selective breeding to be successful, the...Ch. 28.6 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 28 - Give several examples of quantitative traits.How...Ch. 28 - 2. At the molecular level, explain why...Ch. 28 - 3. What is a normal distribution? Discuss this...Ch. 28 - 4. Explain the difference between a continuous...Ch. 28 - What is a frequency distribution? Explain how such...Ch. 28 - 6. The variance for weight in a particular herd of...Ch. 28 - Two different varieties of potato plants produce...Ch. 28 - 8. If , would you conclude that a positive...Ch. 28 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 28 - When a correlation coefficient is statistically...Ch. 28 - 11. What is polygenic inheritance? Discuss the...Ch. 28 - What is a quantitative trait locus (QTL)? Does a...Ch. 28 - 13. Let’s suppose that weight in a species of...Ch. 28 - Prob. 14CONQCh. 28 - 15. From an agricultural point of view, discuss...Ch. 28 - Many beautiful varieties of roses have been...Ch. 28 - 17. In your own words, explain the meaning of the...Ch. 28 - 18. What is the difference between broad-sense...Ch. 28 - The heritability for egg weight in a group of...Ch. 28 - In a fairly large population of people living in a...Ch. 28 - When artificial selection is practiced over many...Ch. 28 - 22. Discuss whether a natural population of wolves...Ch. 28 - 23. With regard to heterosis, is each of...Ch. 28 - Here are data for height and weight among 10 male...Ch. 28 - 2. The abdomen length (in millimeters) was...Ch. 28 - 3. You conduct an RFLP analysis of head weight in...Ch. 28 - 5. Let’s suppose that two strains of pigs differ...Ch. 28 - Prob. 6EQCh. 28 - In a wild strain of tomato plants, the phenotypic...Ch. 28 - The average thorax length in aDrosophilapopulation...Ch. 28 - 9. In a strain of mice, the average 6-week body...Ch. 28 - Prob. 10EQCh. 28 - 11. A danger in computing heritability values from...Ch. 28 - For each of the following relationships,...Ch. 28 - An animal breeder had a herd of sheep with a mean...Ch. 28 - The trait of blood pressure in humans has a...Ch. 28 - Discuss why heritability is an important...Ch. 28 - From a biological viewpoint, speculate as to why...Ch. 28 - 3. What is heterosis? Discuss whether it is caused...
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- Many genetic studies, particularly those of recessive traits, have focused on small, isolated human populations, such as those on islands. Suggest one or more advantages that isolated populations might have for the study of recessive traits.arrow_forwardYour friend does not believe you that the probability of losing an allele with a frequency of 0.3 is any different than losing an allele with a frequency of 0.4. Prove them wrong, mathematically. What do you assume in your answer? Is there any scenario where they are right?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of environmental impacts on the expression of traits? Heterozygous individuals of a plant species have pink flowers, whereas homozygous individuals have either red or white flowers. An individual’s blood type depends on the interaction of the alleles A, B, or O. Animal coat color shifts in response to seasonal changes in day length and temperature.arrow_forward
- In instances of true dominance-recessiveness, why are the homozygous recessive organisms valuable for investigating genetics?arrow_forwardThe term polymorphism can refer to both genes and traits. Explain what is meant by a polymorphic gene and a polymorphic trait. If a gene is polymorphic, does the trait that the gene affects also have to be polymorphic? Explain why or why not.arrow_forwardIf a trait determined by autosomal recessive allele occurs at a frequency of 0.25 in a population, what are the allelic frequencies? Assume Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and use A and a to symbolize the dominant and recessive alleles, respectively. Show calculation.arrow_forward
- Explain the difference between a continuous trait and a discontinuous trait. Give two examples of each. Are quantitative traits likely to be continuous or discontinuous? Explain why.arrow_forwardIn your own words, explain the meaning of the term heritability.Why is a heritability value valid only for a particular population ofindividuals raised in a particular environment?arrow_forwardUsing the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics Suppose you are monitoring the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the MN blood group locus (see Question 2 for a description of the MN blood group) in a small human population. You find that for 1-year-old children, the genotypic frequencies are MM = 0.25, MN = 0.5, and NN = 0.25, whereas the genotypic frequencies for adults are MM = 0.3, MN = 0.4, and NN = 0.3. a. Compute the M and N allele frequencies for 1-year-olds and adults. b. Are the allele frequencies in equilibrium in this population? c. Are the genotypic frequencies in equilibrium?arrow_forward
- According to Amar J. S. Klar, is there a such thing as “left handedness”? What is the preferred term? Describe how the genetics works, according to his hypothesis. What are the alleles, and which combinations of alleles make for which type of hand use?arrow_forwardWhat evolutionary factors can cause allele frequencies to change and possibly lead to a genetic polymorphism? Discuss the relative importance of each type of process.arrow_forwardCreate a research hypothesis using the statement if the problem: Statement of the Problem This study aims to determine the Mendelian Genetics concepts of inheritance traits and its significance among the students of Bachelor of Science in Psychology section B. Specifically, this study intended to answer the following: What is the participants physical traits inherited from their parents? To compare observable traits from the class. What are the allele frequencies of the participants? Determine at least 3 human traits. a. Tongue rolling b. Tongue folding c. Hairlinearrow_forward
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