EBK NUMERICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS
EBK NUMERICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220100254147
Author: Chapra
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 28, Problem 3P

A mass balance for a chemical in a completely mixed reactorcan be written as

V d c d t = F Q c k V c 2

where V = volume (12 m3), c = concentration (g/m3), F = feedrate (175 g/min), Q = flow rate (1 m3/min), and k = a second-orderreaction rate (0.15 m3/g/min). If c ( 0 ) = 0 , solve the ODE until the concentration reaches a stable level. Use the midpoint method

( h = 0.5 ) and plot your results.

Challenge question: If one ignores the fact that concentrations must be positive, find a range of initial conditions such that youobtain a very different trajectory than was obtained with c ( 0 ) = 0 .Relate your results to the steady-state solutions.

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PROBLEMS 1. Accumulation represents the change in mass in the reactor per change in time. For a constant-volume system, it can be simply formulated as ,dc Accumulation = V“ dt (28.1) where V = volume and e = concentration. Thus, a mathematical formulation for accu- mulation is volume times the derivative of e with respect to t. Solution. Equations (28.1) and (12.1) can be used to represent the mass balance for a single reactor such as the one shown in Fig. 28.1: dc V = Qcm - Qc (28.2) dt Accumulation = inputs – outputs Equation (28.2) can be used to determine transient or time-variable solutions for the reactor. For example, if c = co at t = 0, calculus can be employed to analytically solve G = 50 mg/m², Q = 5 m'/min, V = 100 m²., and co = 10 mg/m², Use Euler's method to find the solution of e from t = 0 to 40 s with a step size (h) of 10 s.

Chapter 28 Solutions

EBK NUMERICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS

Ch. 28 - An on is other malbatchre actor can be described...Ch. 28 - The following system is a classic example of stiff...Ch. 28 - 28.13 A biofilm with a thickness grows on the...Ch. 28 - 28.14 The following differential equation...Ch. 28 - Prob. 15PCh. 28 - 28.16 Bacteria growing in a batch reactor utilize...Ch. 28 - 28.17 Perform the same computation for the...Ch. 28 - Perform the same computation for the Lorenz...Ch. 28 - The following equation can be used to model the...Ch. 28 - Perform the same computation as in Prob. 28.19,...Ch. 28 - 28.21 An environmental engineer is interested in...Ch. 28 - 28.22 Population-growth dynamics are important in...Ch. 28 - 28.23 Although the model in Prob. 28.22 works...Ch. 28 - 28.25 A cable is hanging from two supports at A...Ch. 28 - 28.26 The basic differential equation of the...Ch. 28 - 28.27 The basic differential equation of the...Ch. 28 - A pond drains through a pipe, as shown in Fig....Ch. 28 - 28.29 Engineers and scientists use mass-spring...Ch. 28 - Under a number of simplifying assumptions, the...Ch. 28 - 28.31 In Prob. 28.30, a linearized groundwater...Ch. 28 - The Lotka-Volterra equations described in Sec....Ch. 28 - The growth of floating, unicellular algae below a...Ch. 28 - 28.34 The following ODEs have been proposed as a...Ch. 28 - 28.35 Perform the same computation as in the first...Ch. 28 - Solve the ODE in the first part of Sec. 8.3 from...Ch. 28 - 28.37 For a simple RL circuit, Kirchhoff’s voltage...Ch. 28 - In contrast to Prob. 28.37, real resistors may not...Ch. 28 - 28.39 Develop an eigenvalue problem for an LC...Ch. 28 - 28.40 Just as Fourier’s law and the heat balance...Ch. 28 - 28.41 Perform the same computation as in Sec....Ch. 28 - 28.42 The rate of cooling of a body can be...Ch. 28 - The rate of heat flow (conduction) between two...Ch. 28 - Repeat the falling parachutist problem (Example...Ch. 28 - 28.45 Suppose that, after falling for 13 s, the...Ch. 28 - 28.46 The following ordinary differential equation...Ch. 28 - 28.47 A forced damped spring-mass system (Fig....Ch. 28 - 28.48 The temperature distribution in a tapered...Ch. 28 - 28.49 The dynamics of a forced spring-mass-damper...Ch. 28 - The differential equation for the velocity of a...Ch. 28 - 28.51 Two masses are attached to a wall by linear...

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