Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 3, Problem 1FIB
In organic molecules made of chains of subunits, each subunit is called a(n) _____, and the chains are called _____. Carbohydrates consisting of long chains of sugars are called_____. These sugar chains can be broken down by _____ reactions. Three types of carbohydrates consisting of long glucose chains are _____, _____, and
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Proteins are among the most diverse macromolecules because
A-they contains both amino groups and carboxyl groups.
B-they can twist and fold into many different and complex structures.
C-they contains nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
D-their R groups can be either acidic or basic
Which of the following statements about cellulose is true?
A-Animals make it and use it to store energy.
B-Plants make it and use it to store energy.
C-Animals make it and use it as part of the skeleton.
D-Plants make it and use it to give structural support to cells.
A major difference between polysaccharides and proteins is that
a-plants make polysaccharides, while animals make proteins.
B-proteins are made of monomers, while polysaccharides are not.
C-polysaccharides are made of monosaccharides, while proteins are made of amino acids.
D-proteins carry genetic information, while polysaccharides do not.
Let us say that the four major classes of biomolecules (Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids) are in the form of food, which one of the four do you think will give you the most energy? Why?
The relationship between the breakdown of macromolecules and the biosynthesis of macromolecules is most similar to the relationship between which of the following pairs of terms?
The relationship between the breakdown of macromolecules and the biosynthesis of macromolecules is most similar to the relationship between which of the following pairs of terms?
A.) exergonic and spontaneous
B.) free energy and entropy
C.) work and free energy
D.) exergonic and endergonic
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 3.1 - which of these is/are polar molecules? (you may...Ch. 3.1 - define organic molecules and explain why carbon is...Ch. 3.1 - explain why functional groups are important in...Ch. 3.1 - name and describe the properties of seven...Ch. 3.2 - define organic molecules and explain why carbon is...Ch. 3.3 - Describe hydrolysis of this molecule.Ch. 3.3 - describe the major types of carbohydrates?Ch. 3.3 - provide examples of each type of carbohydrate and...Ch. 3.4 - Look up the rest of the amino acids and. based on...Ch. 3.4 - Infectious prions such as those that cause mad cow...
Ch. 3.4 - Why do many proteins, when heated excessively....Ch. 3.4 - Why a Perm Is (Temporarily) Permanent?Ch. 3.4 - describe protein subunits and how proteins are...Ch. 3.4 - explain the four levels of protein structure and...Ch. 3.4 - list several functions of proteins and provide...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 3.5 - describe the general structure of nucleotides?Ch. 3.5 - list three different functions of nucleotides?Ch. 3.5 - explain how nucleic acids are synthesized?Ch. 3.5 - give two examples of nucleic acids and their...Ch. 3.5 - Puzzling Proteins All cells use DNA as a blueprint...Ch. 3.6 - What kind of reaction breaks this molecule apart?Ch. 3.6 - An obese 55-year-old woman consults her physician...Ch. 3.6 - Why are steroid hormones able to diffuse through...Ch. 3.6 - compare and contrast the structure and synthesis...Ch. 3.6 - describe the functions of fats, oils, and waxes?Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1CTCh. 3 - Polar molecules a. dissolve in lipids. b. are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 3 - Which of the following is not composed of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 3 - In organic molecules made of chains of subunits,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 3 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 3 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 3 - Fill in the following with the appropriate type of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - List the four principal classes of biological...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Describe the synthesis of a protein from amino...Ch. 3 - Where in nature do we find cellulose? Where do we...Ch. 3 - Based on their structure, sketch and explain how...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2ACCh. 3 - Prob. 3AC
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- Which of the following describes an organic molecule that consists of one or more chains of amino acids folded up in a specific shape? A. Nucleic acid B. Protein C. Carbohydrate D. Lipidarrow_forwardThe enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages betweenglucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form.Which of the following could amylase break down?(A) glycogen, starch, and amylopectin(B) glycogen and cellulose(C) cellulose and chitin(D) starch, chitin, and cellulosearrow_forwardBreaking large molecules into smaller ones is catabolic and releases energy. Conversely, building large molecules from small ones is anabolic and consumes energy. Therefore, dehydration synthesis is A) catabolic, endergonic, and negative △G B) catabolic, exergonic, and positive △G C) anabolic, endergonic, and positive △G D) anabolic, exergonic, and positive △Garrow_forward
- Which of the following describes a lipid? A. An organic molecule that consists of one or more chains of amino acids folded up in a specific shape B. A fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound often composed of fatty acids C. A molecule that consists primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a ratio of 1:2:1 D. A molecule that consists of one or more strands of nucleotidesarrow_forwardDescribe matter, elements, and molecules and give simple examples of the role of four major kinds of organic compounds in living cells.arrow_forwardThe most abundant element, by mass, in living organisms is: a) C b) O c) N d) Na Which of these molecules is a polymeric macromolecule? A) glucose b) urea c) citric acid d) albumin (a protein) A polymeric macromolecule which consists of glucose monomer units is: a) glycogen b) albumin c) phosphatidyl choline d) cholesterolarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Monosaccharides are the building blocks of polypeptides.B) Nucleotides are the building blocks of saccharides.C) Carbohydrates are water soluble and responsible for short term energy storage.D) Amino acids are made of peptides.E) Fatty acids are responsible for DNA replicationarrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes an L-glucose? The hydroxyl group attached to the penultimate carbon is located at the left side of the structure. The carbonyl group attached to the penultimate carbon is located at the right side of the structure. The carbonyl group attached to the penultimate carbon is located at the left side of the structure. The hydroxyl group attached to the penultimate carbon is located at the right side of the structure.arrow_forwardWhich of the following chemical reactions is represented in the figure? a) links two polymers to form a monomer b) results in a peptide bond c) is a hydrolysis reaction d) joins two fatty acids togetherarrow_forward
- Which of the following describes a purpose of the glycosylation of proteins? A. Glycosylation tags a protein for destruction within a cell. B. Glycosylation is a process that causes cells to import new proteins from the extracellular space. C. Glycosylation indicates where a protein belongs within a cell. D. Glycosylation is the process of bonding amino acids to each other to build a protein.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of the molecule pictured below? A) It will spontaneously form into biological membranes. B) It would be liquid at room temperature because it contains unsaturated fatty acids. C) It would be solid at room temperature because it contains only saturated fatty acids. D) It would be liquid at room temperature because it contains only saturated fatty acids. E) It would be solid at room temperature because it contains unsaturated fatty acids.arrow_forwardWhich of the following organic compounds contains more than one glucose unit in their molecular structure? Starch Glycogen Only starch, glycogen and chitin contain more than one unit of glucose All organic compounds above contain more than one unit of glucosearrow_forward
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