GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135349298
Author: Sanders
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 27P
In an 1889 book titled Natural Inheritance (Macmillan, New York), Francis Galton, who investigated the inheritance of measurable (quantitative) traits, formulated a law of “ancestral inheritance.” The law stated that each person inherits approximately one-half of his or her genetic traits from each parent, about one-quarter of the traits from each grandparent, one-eighth from each great grandparent, and so on. In light of the chromosome theory of heredity, argue either in favor of Galton’s law or against it.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
In his famous paper, Mendel writes that he set out to“determine the number of different forms in whichhybrid progeny appear” and to “ascertain their numericalinterrelationships.” How did his close attention tonumbers lead him to discover segregation and independentassortment?
In humans, the genetic disease cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele (a). The normal (healthy) allele is dominant (A).
What is the genotype of someone who has cystic fibrosis?
What are the two different genotypes that a healthy person could have?
If two people were both heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene, what fraction of their children would be likely to have this disease? Hint: Draw a Punnett square to figure it out.
A diploid species with 44 chromosomes (i.e., 22 per set) is crossedto another diploid species with 38 chromosomes (i.e., 19 per set).What topic in genetics does this question address?
Chapter 3 Solutions
GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
Ch. 3 - Examine the following diagrams of cells from an...Ch. 3 - Our closest primate relative, the chimpanzee, has...Ch. 3 -
3. In a test of his chromosome theory of...Ch. 3 - Cohesion between sister chromatids, as well as...Ch. 3 - 5. The diploid number of the hypothetical animal...Ch. 3 - 6. An organism has alleles R1 and R2 on one pair...Ch. 3 - Explain how the behavior of homologous chromosomes...Ch. 3 - 8. Suppose crossover occurs between the homologous...Ch. 3 -
9. Alleles A and a are on one pair of autosomes,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 3 - Describe the role of the following structures or...Ch. 3 - A womans father has ornithine transcarbamylase...Ch. 3 - In humans, hemophilia A (OMIM 306700) is an...Ch. 3 -
14. A wild-type male and a wild-type female...Ch. 3 - 15. A woman with severe discoloration of her tooth...Ch. 3 - 16. In a large metropolitan hospital, cells from...Ch. 3 - In cats, tortoiseshell coat color appears in...Ch. 3 - 18. The gene causing Coffin–Lowry syndrome (OMIM...Ch. 3 - 19. Four eye-color mutants in Drosophila—apricot,...Ch. 3 - 20. For each pedigree shown,
a. Identify which...Ch. 3 - 21. Use the blank pedigrees provided to depict...Ch. 3 - 22. Figure 3.22 (page 89) illustrates reciprocal...Ch. 3 - 23. In fruit flies, yellow body (y) is recessive...Ch. 3 - 24. In a species of fish, a black spot on the...Ch. 3 - LeschNyhan syndrome (OMIM 300322) is a rare...Ch. 3 - 26. In humans, SRY is located near a...Ch. 3 - 27. In an 1889 book titled Natural Inheritance...Ch. 3 - 28. In Drosophila, the X-linked echinus eye...Ch. 3 - 29. A wild-type Drosophila male and female are...Ch. 3 - 30. Drosophila has a diploid chromosome number of...Ch. 3 - The cell cycle operates in the same way in all...Ch. 3 - 33. Form a small discussion group and decide on...Ch. 3 - 34. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD; OMIM 310200)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the 1800s, a man with dwarfism who lived in Utah produced a large number of descendants: 22 children, 49 grandchildren, and 250 greatgrandchildren (see the illustration of a family pedigree to the right), many of whom also exhibited dwarfism (F. F. Stephens. 1943. Journal of Heredity 34:229–235). The type of dwarfism found in this family is called Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, although it was originally thought to be achondroplastic dwarfism. Among the families of this kindred, dwarfism appeared only in members who had one parent with dwarfism. When one parent exhibited dwarfism, the following numbers of children were produced. Q. Use chi-square tests to determine if the numbers of children with each phenotype in family C (1 with normal stature, 6 with dwarfism) and in family D (6 with normal stature, 2 with dwarfism) are significantlydifferent from the numbers expected on the basis of your proposed mode of inheritance. How would you explain these deviations from the…arrow_forwardPedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. If Sarah carries the mutant cancer allele and Adam carries the mutant heart disease allele, what is the chance that they would have a child who is free of both diseases? Are these good odds?arrow_forwardPedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you want to know the results of the cancer, heart disease, and TSD tests if you were Sarah and Adam? Is it their responsibility as potential parents to gather this type of information before they decide to have a child?arrow_forward
- Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you decide to have a child if the test results said that you carry the mutation for breast and ovarian cancer? The heart disease mutation? The TSD mutation? The heart disease and the mutant alleles?arrow_forwardPedigree Analysis Is a Basic Method in Human Genetics Using the pedigree provided, answer the following questions. a. Is the proband male or female? b. Is the grandfather of the proband affected? c. How many siblings does the proband have, and where is he or she in the birth order?arrow_forwardHemophilia and color blindness are both recessive conditions caused by genes on the X chromosome. To calculate the recombination frequency between the two genes, you draw a large number of pedigrees that include grandfathers with both hemophilia and color blindness, their daughters (who presumably have one chromosome with two normal alleles and one chromosome with two mutant alleles), and the daughters sons. Analyzing all the pedigrees together shows that 25 grandsons have both color blindness and hemophilia, 24 have neither of the traits, 1 has color blindness only, and 1 has hemophilia only. How many centimorgans (map units) separate the hemophilia locus from the locus for color blindness?arrow_forward
- As it turned out, one of the tallest Potsdam Guards had an unquenchable attraction to short women. During his tenure as guard, he had numerous clandestine affairs. In each case, children resulted. Subsequently, some of the childrenwho had no way of knowing that they were relatedmarried and had children of their own. Assume that two pairs of genes determine height. The genotype of the 7-foot-tall Potsdam Guard was A9A9B9B9, and the genotype of all of his 5-foot clandestine lovers was AABB. An A9 or B9 allele in the offspring each adds 6 inches to the base height of 5 feet conferred by the AABB genotype. a. What were the genotypes and phenotypes of all the F1 children? b. Diagram the cross between the F1 offspring, and give all possible genotypes and phenotypes of the F2 progenyarrow_forwardFrancis Galton, a geneticist of the pre-Mendelian era, devised the principle that half of our genetic makeup is derived from each parent, one-quarter from each grandparent, one-eighth from each great-grandparent, and soforth. Was he right? Explaiarrow_forwardMendelian Genetics [6F.R]:Question 1 In rabbits, grey fur (G) is dominant to white fur (g) and black eyes (B) are dominant to red eyes (b). A male rabbit with the genotype GgBb is crossed with a female rabbit with the genotype ggbb. What percent of the offspring will have white fur and red eyes? Select one: 25% 50% 100% 0% 1000arrow_forward
- A family from coastal Africa recently moved to Canada. Soon after the move, their 6-month-old baby starts napping more frequently and often cries as if in pain. Concerned, the parents take their baby to a pediatrician, who diagnoses the baby with Sickle Cell Disease. The parents are astonished; neither has Sickle Cell Disease nor do their parents or siblings. How could this be possible? Use your knowledge of Mendelian Genetics and patterns of Inheritance to explain how this baby has Sickle Cell Disease when neither parent exhibits this disease phenotype. What term(s) could be used to describe the genotype of the baby's parents? What term(s) could be used to describe the genotype of the baby with Sickle Cell Disease?arrow_forwardMendelian genetics involves study of both ---------- traits and the influence enviromment on their expression. (A) Qualitative and quantitative (B)Only qualitative(C) Only quantitative(D) None of thesearrow_forwardPigeons have long been the subject of genetic studies. Indeed, Charles Darwin bred pigeons in the hope of unraveling the principles of heredity but was unsuccessful. A series of genetic investigations in the early 1900s worked out the hereditary basis of color variation in these birds. W. R. Horlancher was interested in the genetic basis of kiteness, a color pattern that consists of a mixture of red and black stippling of the feathers. He carried out the following crosses to investigate the genetic relation of kiteness to black and red feather color (W. R. Horlancher. 1930. Genetics 15:312–346). Cross Offspring kitey × kitey 16 kitey, 5 black, 3 red kitey × black 6 kitey, 7 black red × kitey 18 red, 9 kitey, 6 black a. On the basis of these results, propose a hypothesis to explain the inheritance of kitey, black, and red feather color in pigeons. (Hint: Assume that two loci are involved and some type of epistasis occurs.) b. For each of the preceding crosses, test your hypothesis by…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to the Human Genome | HMX Genetics; Author: Harvard University;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEJp7B6u_dY;License: Standard Youtube License