9th Edition

ISBN: 9781259638145

Author: Fahlman, Bradley D., Purvis-roberts, Kathleen, Kirk, John S., Bentley, Anne K., Daubenmire, Patrick L., ELLIS, Jamie P., Mury, Michael T., American Chemical Society

Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,

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Textbook Question

Chapter 3, Problem 57Q

The effect a chemical substance has on the ozone layer is measured by a value called its ozone-depleting potential, ODP. This is a numerical scale that estimates the lifetime potential stratospheric ozone that could be destroyed by a given mass of the substance. All values are relative to CFC-11, which has an ODP defined as equal to 1.0. Use those facts to answer these questions.

a. Name two factors that affect the ODP value of a compound, and explain the reason for each one.
b. Most CFCs have ODP values ranging from 0.6 to 1.0. What range do you expect for HCFCs? Explain your reasoning.
c. What ODP values do you expect for HFCs? Explain your reasoning.

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Chapter 3, Problem 56Q

Chapter 3, Problem 58Q

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1. Which of the following molecules are CFC's capable of destroying stratospheric ozone? (A) CF2Cl2 (B) CF2H2 (C) CF2Br2 (D) CFCl3 (E) CH2Cl2 A only D only A & D A, C & D 2. Which of the following are criteria that must be met simultaneously to create photochemical smog? (A) Sunlight (B) Warm temperatures at or above 70oF (C) A source of NOx (D) A source of volatile organic compounds (E) A source of SO2 (F) A source of chlorine radical A, B, C, D, E & F C & D A, B, C, D & E A, B, C & D 3. In the northeastern USA where the acid precipitation is caused by the emissions from coal fired power plants, which acid is primarily responsible for the low pH of rainfall? Nitric acid peroxybenzoic acid Sulfuric acid Sulfurous acid 4. Which of the following are greenhouse gases are currently increasing in concentration and importance but were not historically responsible for trapping significant amounts of heat in our atmosphere for the last several hundred million years? (A)…

Chapter #3, Question #13: Consider the following data for total atmospheric column ozone measurements (as DU) at three locations around the Earth, obtained using the TOMS in 2001. January 15 april 15 july 15 october 15 Tierra del fuego (Chilie, argentina) 323 261 339 206 Nairobi (Kenya) 234 273 266 (Aug. 15) 266 Kiev (Ukraine) 321 420 314 273 Assume that these are typical of values that might be obtained in any other year, and discuss the trends as you move down the columns and along the rows, in terms of your knowledge of stratospheric ozone behavior.

Why are CHF2Cl and CH2ClCF3 important for stratospheric ozone depletion? pls consider its lifetime.

Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry In Context

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.2YT Ch. 3.1 - Using Equation 3.1, answer the following...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.4YT Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.5YT Ch. 3.1 - Scientific Practices Energy from the Sun Examine...Ch. 3.2 - Skill Building Wavelength, Frequency, and Energy...Ch. 3.3 - Skill Building The ABCs of Solar UV a. Arrange...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3.9YT Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.10YT Ch. 3.4 - You Decide Exposure Examine the curve shown in...

Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.12YT Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.13YT Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.14YT Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.15YT Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3.16YT Ch. 3.7 - Draw the Lewis structure for each molecule. a. HBr...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.18YT Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.19YT Ch. 3.7 - You Decide The Ozone Layer Based on the reactions...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 3.21YT Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 3.22YT Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 3.23YT Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 3.24YT Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 3.25YT Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3.26YT Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3.27YT Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3.28YT Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3.29YT Ch. 3.11 - Skill Building Particulate Classification An...Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 3.31YT Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 3.32YT Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 3.33YT Ch. 3.11 - Scientific Practices UV Interactions with Matter...Ch. 3 - How does ozone differ from oxygen in its chemical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 3 - a. What is a Dobson unit? b. Does a reading of 320...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table as a guide, specify the...Ch. 3 - Consider this representation of a periodic table....Ch. 3 - Give the name and symbol for the element with this...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10Q Ch. 3 - Assuming that the octet rule applies, draw the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12Q Ch. 3 - Consider these two waves representing different...Ch. 3 - Use Figure 3.4 to specify the region of the...Ch. 3 - What determines the color of light? Describe the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16Q Ch. 3 - Does all light travel at the same speed in a...Ch. 3 - Arrange these types of radiation in order of...Ch. 3 - The microwaves in home microwave ovens have a...Ch. 3 - Ultraviolet radiation is categorized as UVA, UVB,...Ch. 3 - Calculate the wavelength, in nanometers, of the...Ch. 3 - The distance from Earth to the Sun is about 1.50 ...Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis structures for any two different CFCs.Ch. 3 - Prob. 24Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 25Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 26Q Ch. 3 - The following free radicals all play a role in...Ch. 3 - a. How were the original measurements of increases...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29Q Ch. 3 - The EPA has used the slogan Ozone: Good Up High,...Ch. 3 - Nobel Laureate F. Sherwood Rowland referred to the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 32Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 33Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 34Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 35Q Ch. 3 - The average length of an OO single bond is 132 pm....Ch. 3 - Prob. 37Q Ch. 3 - Describe why ozone is more reactive than oxygen...Ch. 3 - Prob. 39Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 40Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 41Q Ch. 3 - All the reports of the damage caused by UV...Ch. 3 - Prob. 43Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 44Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 45Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 46Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 47Q Ch. 3 - Development of the stratospheric ozone hole has...Ch. 3 - Prob. 49Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 50Q Ch. 3 - Resonance structures can be used to explain the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 52Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 53Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 54Q Ch. 3 - Prob. 55Q Ch. 3 - Many different types of ozone generators...Ch. 3 - The effect a chemical substance has on the ozone...Ch. 3 - Cooking with an electric stove can have a negative...Ch. 3 - One mechanism that helps break down ozone in the...Ch. 3 - Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 61Q

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