College Physics
OER 2016 Edition
ISBN: 9781947172173
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 30, Problem 12TP
To determine
The description of the process of fluorescence in terms of the emission of photons as electron transition between energy states and the explanations of the process to be differ from ordinary atomic emission.
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Consider the atomic spectra for the H-atom: the Lyman series emits UV photons, the Balmer series emits visible photons, the Paschen series emits IR photons, and the Brackett series emits far IR photons. What type of photons would you expect from the next series? Briefly explain.
A photoelectron is emitted from K shell (n = 1) of a carbon atom, and an election in L shell (n = 2) moves down to the vacancy in K shell. What is the wavelength, in the unit of nm, of the photon emitted during this transition?
Use for the energy difference between two states in an atom.
E0 = 13.6 eV and atomic number of carbon is Z = 12.
Use σ = 1 for the transition to K shell and σ = 7.4 for the transition to L shell
Explain the structure and fine structure of an atom in stark and zeman field effect in quantum mechanics?Explain in detail?
Chapter 30 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 30 - Name three different types of evidence for the...Ch. 30 - Explain why patterns observed in the periodic...Ch. 30 - If atoms exist, why can't we see them with visible...Ch. 30 - What two pieces of evidence allowed the first...Ch. 30 - How do the allowed orbits for electrons in atoms...Ch. 30 - How do the allowed orbits for electrons in atoms...Ch. 30 - Explain how Bohr's rule for the quantization of...Ch. 30 - What is a hydrogen-like atom, and how are the...Ch. 30 - Explain why characteristic x rays are the most...Ch. 30 - Why does the energy of characteristic x rays...
Ch. 30 - Observers at a safe distance from atmospheric test...Ch. 30 - Lasers are used to burn and read CDs. Explain why...Ch. 30 - Crystal lattices can be examined with x rays but...Ch. 30 - CT scanners do not detect details smaller than...Ch. 30 - How do the allowed orbits for electrons in atoms...Ch. 30 - Atomic and molecular spectra are discrete. What...Ch. 30 - Hydrogen gas can only absorb EM radiation that has...Ch. 30 - Lasers are used to burn and read CDs. Explain why...Ch. 30 - The coating on the inside of fluorescent light...Ch. 30 - What is the difference between fluorescence and...Ch. 30 - How can you tell that a hologram is a true...Ch. 30 - How is the de Broglie wavelength of electrons...Ch. 30 - What is the Zeeman effect, and what type of...Ch. 30 - Define the quantum numbers n,l,ml,s, and ms.Ch. 30 - For a given value of n, what are the allowed...Ch. 30 - For a given value of l, what are the allowed...Ch. 30 - List all the possible values of s and msfor an...Ch. 30 - Identify the shell, subshell, and number of...Ch. 30 - Which of the following are not allowed? State...Ch. 30 - Using the given charge-to-mass ratios for...Ch. 30 - (a) Calculate the mass of a proton using the...Ch. 30 - If someone wanted to build a scale model of the...Ch. 30 - Rutherford found the size of the nucleus to be...Ch. 30 - In Millikan's oil-drop experiment, one looks at a...Ch. 30 - (a) An aspiring physicist wants to build a scale...Ch. 30 - By calculating its wavelength, show that the first...Ch. 30 - Find the wavelength of the third line in the Lyman...Ch. 30 - Look up the values of the quantities in...Ch. 30 - Verify that the ground state energy E0 is 13.6 eV...Ch. 30 - If a hydrogen atom has its electron in the n=4...Ch. 30 - A hydrogen atom in an excited state can be ionized...Ch. 30 - Find the radius of a hydrogen atom in the n=2...Ch. 30 - Show that (13.6eV)/hc=1.097107m=R (Rydberg's...Ch. 30 - What is the smallest-wavelength line in the Balmer...Ch. 30 - Show that the entire Paschen series is in the...Ch. 30 - Do the Balmer and Lyman series overlap? To answer...Ch. 30 - (a) Which line in the Balmer series is the first...Ch. 30 - A wavelength of 4.653 m is observed in a hydrogen...Ch. 30 - A singly ionized helium ion has only one electron...Ch. 30 - A beryllium ion with a single electron (denoted...Ch. 30 - Atoms can be ionized by thermal collisions, such...Ch. 30 - Verify Equations rn=n2ZaB and...Ch. 30 - The wavelength of the four Balmer series lines for...Ch. 30 - (a) What is the shortest-wavelength x-ray...Ch. 30 - A color television tube also generates some x rays...Ch. 30 - An x ray tube has an applied voltage of 100 kV....Ch. 30 - The maximum characteristic x-ray photon energy...Ch. 30 - What are the approximate energies of the K and K...Ch. 30 - Figure 30.39 shows the energy-level diagram for...Ch. 30 - A helium-neon laser is pumped by electric...Ch. 30 - Ruby lasers have chromium atoms doped in an...Ch. 30 - (a) What energy photons can pump chromium atoms in...Ch. 30 - Some of the most powerful lasers are based on the...Ch. 30 - If an atom has an electron in the n=5 state with...Ch. 30 - An atom has an electron with m1=2. What is the...Ch. 30 - What are the possible values of m1 for an electron...Ch. 30 - What, if any, constraints does a value of ml=1...Ch. 30 - (a) Calculate the magnitude of the angular...Ch. 30 - (a) What is the magnitude of the angular momentum...Ch. 30 - Repeat Exercise 30.40 for l=3.Ch. 30 - (a) How many angles can L make with the z-axis for...Ch. 30 - What angles can the spin S of an electron make...Ch. 30 - (a) How many electrons can be in the n=4 shell?...Ch. 30 - (a) What is the minimum value of 1 for a subshell...Ch. 30 - (a) If one subshell of an atom has 9 electrons in...Ch. 30 - (a) List all possible sets of quantum numbers...Ch. 30 - Which of the following spectroscopic notations are...Ch. 30 - Which of the following spectroscopic notations are...Ch. 30 - (a) Using the Pauli exclusion principle and the...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Estimate the density of a...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts The electric and magnetic...Ch. 30 - (a) What is the distance between the slits of a...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts A galaxy moving away from the...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Calculate the velocity of a...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts In a Millikan oil-drop...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts What double-slit separation...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts In a laboratory experiment...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Find the value of l, the...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Particles called muons exist...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Calculate the minimum amount...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts A carbon dioxide laser used in...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Suppose an MRI scanner uses...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts (a) An excimer laser used for...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts A neighboring galaxy rotates...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts A pulsar is a rapidly spinning...Ch. 30 - Integrated Concepts Prove that the velocity of...Ch. 30 - Unreasonable Results (a) What voltage must be...Ch. 30 - Unreasonable Results A student in a physics...Ch. 30 - Construct Your Own Problem The solar corona is so...Ch. 30 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider the...Ch. 30 - Prob. 1TPCh. 30 - Prob. 2TPCh. 30 - Prob. 3TPCh. 30 - Prob. 4TPCh. 30 - Prob. 5TPCh. 30 - Prob. 6TPCh. 30 - Prob. 7TPCh. 30 - Prob. 8TPCh. 30 - Prob. 9TPCh. 30 - Prob. 10TPCh. 30 - Prob. 11TPCh. 30 - Prob. 12TPCh. 30 - Prob. 13TPCh. 30 - Prob. 14TPCh. 30 - Prob. 15TPCh. 30 - Prob. 16TP
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- Determine the wavelength of the third Balmer line (transition from n=5 to n=2 ).arrow_forwardThe ion Li2+ makes ail atomic transition from ail n = 4 state to ail n = 2 state, (a) What is the energy of the photon emitted during the transition? (b) What is the wavelength of the photon?arrow_forwardDefine the wavelength region capable of photoionizing a H atom in the ground level (n = 1). Don't use Chat GPT otherwise i will give you lots of dislikes. Needs Complete solution with explanation with 100 % accuracyarrow_forward
- Q2: A- According to the emission lines principles and depending on Rydberg constant for hydrogen atom compute the frequencies of (Ballmer's series, Panchen series, Bracket's series and Phund's series ) where the upper levels are (n = 4,5,6,7,8), and determine the spectrum regime for each series. Note: use the following constant to express the Rydberg constant (1.0967 x 10¹⁰ Km - ¹)arrow_forwardHow do the allowed orbits for electrons in atoms differ from the allowed orbits for planets around the sun? Explain how the correspondence principle applies here.arrow_forwardAn extremely crude picture of a valence electron in an atom or a molecule treats it as a particle in a one-dimensional box whose length is on the order of the size of atoms and molecules. For an electron in a one-dimensional box of length 1.0 A; calculate the separation between the two lowest energy levels. Calculate the wavelength of a photon corresponding to a transition between these two levels. In what portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is this wavelength?arrow_forward
- The light observed that is emitted by a hydrogen atom is explained by a simple model of its structure with one proton in its nucleus and an electron bound to it, but only with internal energies of the atom satisfying EH=−RH/n2EH=−RH/n2 where RHRH is the Rydberg constant and nn is an integer such as 1, 2, 3 ... and so on. When a hydrogen atom in an excited state emits light, the photon carries away energy and the atom goes into a lower energy state. Be careful about units. The Rydberg constant in eV is 13.605693009 eV That would be multiplied by the charge on the electron 1.602× 10-19 C to give 2.18× 10-18 J A photon with this energy would have a frequency f such that E=hf. Its wavelength would be λ = c/f = hc/E. Sometimes it is handy to measure the Rydberg constant in units of 1/length for this reason. You may see it given as 109737 cm-1 if you search the web, so be aware that's not joules. The following questions are intended to help you understand the connection between…arrow_forwardIf a hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a 93.7 nm photon, corresponding to a transition line in the Lyman series, how does this affect the atom's energy and size? How much energy is needed to ionize the atom when it is in this excited state? Give your answers in absolute units, and relative to the ground state. (the Lyman series is a hydrogen spectral series of transitions and resulting ultraviolet emission lines of the hydrogen atom as an electron goes from n ≥ 2 to n = 1 (where n is the principal quantum number), the lowest energy level of the electron.)arrow_forwardDraw a simple energy transition diagram showing the spectral transitions which give rise to violet, blue, green and red line on hydrogen's line spectrum. Calculate the energy, frequency and wavelength involved in the transitions that give rise to blue color. Also indicate the series and the region of electromagnetic radiation to which they belong.arrow_forward
- 1. As we saw in class, quantum mechanics reproduce the rotational behavior of axially deformed molecules, atoms and nuclei with striking precision. i) From the Hamiltonian for a rigid rotor, calculate the excitation-energy ratios E(4+)/E(2¹), E(6+)/E(4*) and E(8+)/E(6+) for the ground-state band and draw the corresponding level scheme and gamma-ray energy spectrum assuming 75 keV for E(2+). ii) What are the typical energies for the first excitation of vibrational and rotational nuclei?arrow_forwardTutorial Week 15 1. Find the amount of energy needed in the transition of hydrogen electrons into higher orbits (total of three), absorbing photons which have wavelengths of (1) 1005 nm (2) 1282 nm and (3) 1875 nm. 2. Determine the longest and shortest wavelengths of the Lyman series. 3. Suppose the initial amount of Cesium-137 is 1.5 kg, find the amount of Cesium-137 remain after 1000 years.arrow_forwardIron has a magnetic moment of 2.22 Bohr magnetons per atom and a density of 7.87-103 kg.m-3. Calculate the expected magnetization of iron at 0 K and describe any assumptions that you have made. How would you expect this magnetization of iron to vary as temperature is increased. How does the number of Bohr magnetons per atom change from 0 K to 300 K. Why does a piece of iron typically not exhibit high magnetization at room temperature (unless it has been "magnetized")?arrow_forward
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