Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 33.3, Problem 1.5RIA
Summary Introduction
The complement system is made up of a huge number of serum proteins which plays a defensive immune response in mammals. Three pathways of complement activation are there, namely, the lectin, alternative, and classical pathways. The proteins that are involved in the complement activation is referred to as complement proteins. These proteins are involved in the lysis of cell membrane, augmenting phagocytosis, and promoting inflammation.
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Chapter 33 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 1RIACh. 33.1 - Compare and contrast the adaptive and innate...Ch. 33.2 - Why is the skin such a good first line of defense...Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 2RIACh. 33.2 - Prob. 3RIACh. 33.3 - What strategies could a Gram-negative bacterium...Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1.1RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 1.2RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 1.3RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 1.4RIA
Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1.5RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 2.1RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 2.2RIACh. 33.3 - How might acute-phase reactants assist in pathogen...Ch. 33.4 - For what does the dendritic cell use its cellular...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 2MICh. 33.4 - Describe the structure and function of each of the...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 1.2RIACh. 33.4 - Prob. 1.3RIACh. 33.4 - What is a plasma cell?Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 2.2RIACh. 33.4 - Discuss the role of NK cells in protecting the...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 3.1RIACh. 33.4 - Injury to the spleen can lead to its removal. What...Ch. 33.4 - Describe SALT and MALT functions in innate...Ch. 33.5 - Prob. 1RIACh. 33.5 - Prob. 2RIACh. 33.5 - How do macrophages and dendritic cells become...Ch. 33.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 33.6 - Prob. 1RIACh. 33.6 - How does chronic inflammation differ from acute...Ch. 33 - Some pathogens invade cells; others invade tissue...Ch. 33 - How might the various antimicrobial chemical...Ch. 33 - How might a scientist use selective gene knockouts...Ch. 33 - Conservation of resources is a common theme in...
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- If a series of genetic mutations prevented some, but not all, of the complement proteins from binding antibodies or pathogens, would the entire complement system be compromised?arrow_forwardWhat is the term for a cluster of connected antigens, complement molecules, and antibodies in circulation?arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship and differences between receptor-mediated endocytosis and TLR in relation to innate immunity?arrow_forward
- What will happen to the human immune system when a microorganism invading the body lacks the inherent ability to activate complement or bind to phagocytes?arrow_forwardHow do cytokine barrier provide inmate immunity in humans ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not describe the outcome of complement activation? a. chemotaxis b. opsonization c. vasoconstriction d. proteolysis e. membrane permeabilization.arrow_forward
- What is meant by complement fixation? What are cytolysins?arrow_forwardExplain the mechanism underlying the molecular structure of C7, C8, and C9 complement protein that facilitates their insertion into the cell membrane of a pathogen?arrow_forwardThe classical complement pathway is initiated by C1q binding to the surface of a pathogen. In some cases, C1q can directly bind the pathogen, for instance by recognizing proteins of bacterial cell walls, but in most cases C1q binds to IgM antibodies that are bound to the pathogen surface. How does this IgM-binding feature of C1q contribute to rapid, innate immune responses rather than to slow, adaptive responses? C1q induces B lymphocytes to begin secreting antibody within hours of pathogen exposure. Natural antibody that binds to many microbial pathogens is produced prior to pathogen exposure. C1q binds to C-reactive protein which then binds to IgM on the pathogen surface. C1q directly induces inflammation, recruiting phagocytes and antibodies from the blood into the infected tissue. C1q binds to dendritic cells in the infected tissue, inducing them to secrete inflammatory cytokines.arrow_forward
- Which two types of immune cells can viruses avoid if they present “fake” MHC class I molecules when infecting a cell?arrow_forwardWhat is the action of Anatomical barriers Inflammation Interferon (type I)?arrow_forward488. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the complement? A. The alternative route requires the function of factor D b. The classical pathway is a link between innate and adaptive immunity. c. The C1 protein is proteolytically cleaved into C1q, C1r, and C15 fragments. d. MASP proteins act in the lectin pathwayarrow_forward
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