BIOCHEMISTRY W/1 TERM ACHEIVE ACCESS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319425746
Author: BERG
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 35, Problem 3P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The difference between affinity and avidity and for which class avidity is important should be determined.
Concept introduction:
The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. In humans, there are five classes of immunoglobulin, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
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Cold-Reacting Autoantibodies.
Most adult sera contain low titers of cold-reacting autoantibodies, most notably autoanti-I, autoanti-H, and autoanti-IH. These antibodies are usually IgM and of no clinical significance. They are troublesome in that they may interfere with the detection of significant antibodies, resulting in prolonged workups and delayed transfusions.Cold-reacting autoantibodies may be suspected when the screen cells, panel cells, and the autocontrol areall positive at the immediate spin phase and reactivity gets weaker or disappears with incubation at 37°C (Fig. 9–18).Certain cold autoantibodies activate complement and may be detected at the AHG phase when using complement-containing AHG reagent. These autoanti- bodies may be mistaken for weakly reacting IgG antibodies.Although it is not usually necessary to determine the specificity of the cold autoantibody, testing against additional cells may confirm its presence. Cord blood cells that lack the I antigen are of…
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BIOCHEMISTRY W/1 TERM ACHEIVE ACCESS
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