Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 36, Problem 20RQ
Why do people over 55 often need reading glasses?
- Their cornea no longer focuses correctly
- Their lens no longer focuses correctly
- Their eyeball has elongated with age, causing images to focus in front of their retina
- Their retina has thinned with age, making vision more difficult.
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Chapter 36 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 36 - Figure 36.5 Which of the following statements...Ch. 36 - Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing...Ch. 36 - Figure 36.18 Which of the following statements...Ch. 36 - Where does perception occur? spinal cord cerebral...Ch. 36 - If a person’s cold receptors no longer convert...Ch. 36 - After somatosensory transduction, the sensory...Ch. 36 - Many people experience motion sickness while...Ch. 36 - ________ are found only in skin, and detect skin...Ch. 36 - If you were to burn your epidermis, what receptor...Ch. 36 - Many diabetic patients are warned by their doctors...
Ch. 36 - Which of the following has the fewest taste...Ch. 36 - How many different taste molecules do taste cells...Ch. 36 - Salty foods activate the taste cells by. exciting...Ch. 36 - All sensory signals except_____travel to The...Ch. 36 - How is the ability to recognize the umami taste an...Ch. 36 - In sound, pitch is measured in____T and ____...Ch. 36 - Auditory hair cells are indirectly anchored to the...Ch. 36 - Which of the following are found both in the...Ch. 36 - Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is a disorder...Ch. 36 - Why do people over 55 often need reading glasses?...Ch. 36 - Why is it easier to see images at night using...Ch. 36 - A person catching a ball must coordinate her head...Ch. 36 - A satellite is launched into space, but explodes...Ch. 36 - If a person sustains damage to axons leading from...Ch. 36 - In what way does the overall magnitude of a...Ch. 36 - Describe the difference in the localization of the...Ch. 36 - What can be inferred about the relative sizes of...Ch. 36 - Many studies have demonstrated that women are able...Ch. 36 - From the perspective of the recipient of the...Ch. 36 - What might be the effect on an animal of not being...Ch. 36 - A few recent cancer detection studies have used...Ch. 36 - How would a rise in altitude likely affect the...Ch. 36 - How might being in a place with less gravity than...Ch. 36 - How does the structure of the ear allow a person...Ch. 36 - How could the pineal gland, the brain structure...Ch. 36 - How is the relationship between photoreceptors and...Ch. 36 - Cataracts, the medical condition where the lens of...
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- Figure 36.18 Which of the following statements about the human eye is false? Rods detect color, while cones detect only shades of gray. When light enters the retina, it passes the ganglion cells and bipolar cells before reaching photoreceptors at the rear of the eye. The iris adjusts the amount of light coming into the eye. The cornea is a protective layer on the front of the eye.arrow_forwardSCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Cochlear implants bring hearing to many children who are born deaf. The prognosis is best when the device is implanted before the child is three years old (during the early years when language is developed). Many individuals in the deaf community (which consists of individuals born deaf or who are affected by deafness) who communicate with sign language oppose cochlear implants. They do not view the inability to hear as a disability. This perspective raises ethical questions for some families with children who are deaf. Argue for and against cochlear implants for very young children.arrow_forwardRods differ from cones in the following ways: a. They detect dim light, not bright light. b. They have a different visual pigment. c. They are not located in the retina. d. All of the above. e. a and b onlyarrow_forward
- Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The implant consists of a microphone that picks up sound. A speech processor selects sounds in the range of human speech, and a transmitter converts these sounds to electrical impulses, which are then sent to the auditory nerve. Which of the following types of hearing loss would not be restored by a cochlear implant? Hearing loss resulting from absence or loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. Hearing loss resulting from an abnormal auditory nerve. Hearing loss resulting from fracture of the cochlea. Hearing loss resulting from damage to bones of the middle ear.arrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/DanielleReed) to learn about Dr. Danielle Reed of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, PA, who became interested in science at an early age because of her sensory experiences. She recognized that her sense of taste was unique compared with other people she knew. Now, she studies the genetic differences between people and their sensitivities to taste stimuli. In the video, there is a brief image of a person sticking out their tongue, which has been covered with a colored dye. This is how Dr. Reed is able to visualize and count papillae on the surface of the tongue. People fall into two large groups known as tasters and non-tasters on the basis of the density of papillae on their tongue, which also indicates the number of taste buds. Non-tasters can taste food, but they are not as sensitive to certain tastes, such as bitterness. Dr. Reed discovered that she is a non-taster, which explains why she perceived bitterness differently than other people she knew. Are you very sensitive to tastes? Can you see any similarities among the members of your family?arrow_forwardWhich of the special senses is based on the following events? Membrane vibrations cause fluid movements, which lead to bending of mechanoreceptors and firing of action potentials. a. taste b. smell c. hearing d. visionarrow_forward
- The inner layer of the eye includes the _____________. a. lens and choroid b. sclera and cornea c. retina d. start of optic nervearrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.11 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.11 Effects of age and occupational noise exposure on hearing. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities (in decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-old carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-old who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). Which sound frequency was most easily detected by all three people?arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.11 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.11 Effects of age and occupational noise exposure on hearing. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities (in decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-old carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-old who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). How loud did a 1,000-hertz sound have to be for the 50-year-old carpenter to detect it?arrow_forward
- Many people experience motion sickness while traveling in a car. This sensation results from contradictory inputs arising from which senses? Proprioception and Kinesthesia Somatosensation and Equilibrium Gustation and Vibration Vision and Vestibular Systemarrow_forward___ is defined as a decrease in the response to an ongoing stimulus. a. Perception b. Visual accommodation c. Sensory adaptiltion d. Somatic sensationarrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/2point) to see a quick demonstration of two-point discrimination. Touching a specialized caliper to the surface of the skin will measure the distance between two points that are perceived as distinct stimuli versus a single stimulus. The patient keeps their eyes closed while the examiner switches between using both points of the caliper or just one. The patient then must indicate whether one or two stimuli are in contact with the skin. Why is the distance between the caliper points closer on the fingertips as opposed to the palm of the hand? And what do you think the distance would be on the arm, or the shoulder?arrow_forward
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Visual Perception – How It Works; Author: simpleshow foundation;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU3IiqUWGcU;License: Standard youtube license