Concept explainers
Many cells are transparent anti colorless. Structures of great interest in biology and medicine can be practically invisible to ordinary microscopy. To indicate the size and shape of cell structures, an interference micro-scope reveals a difference in index of refraction as a shift in interference fringes. The idea is exemplified in the following problem. An air wedge is formed between two glass plates in contact along one edge and slightly separated at the opposite edge as in Figure P37.37. When the plates are illuminated with monochromatic light from above, the reflected light has 85 dark fringes. Calculate the number of dark fringes that appear if water (n = 1.33) replaces the air between the plates.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 37 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
- In the double-slit arrangement of Figure P36.13, d = 0.150 mm, L = 140 cm, = 643 nm. and y = 1.80 cm. (a) What is the path difference for the rays from the two slits arriving at P? (b) Express this path difference in terms of . (c) Does P correspond to a maximum, a minimum, or an intermediate condition? Give evidence for your answer. Figure P36.13arrow_forwardInterference fringes are produced using Lloyds mirror and a source S of wavelength = 606 nm as shown in Figure P36.41. Fringes separated by y = 1.20 mm are formed on a screen a distance L = 2.00 m from the source. Find the vertical distance h of the source above the reflecting surface. Figure P36.41arrow_forwardA beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely spaced glass plates at close to normal incidence as shown in Figure P27.23. For what minimum nonzero value of the plate separation d is the transmitted light bright?arrow_forward
- Problems 49 and 50 are paired. C Optical flats are flat pieces of glass used to determine the flatness of other optical components. They are placed at an angle above the component as shown in Figure P36.49A, and monochromatic light is incident and observed from above, leading to interference fringes. Parts B and C of Figure P36.49 show the results of tests on two optical components. Which of the two is more flat? Explain. Figure P36.49 Problems 49 and 50.arrow_forwardTable P35.80 presents data gathered by students performing a double-slit experiment. The distance between the slits is 0.0700 mm, and the distance to the screen is 2.50 m. The intensity of the central maximum is 6.50 106 W/m2. What is the intensity at y = 0.500 cm? TABLE P35.80arrow_forwardOptical flats are flat pieces of glass used to determine the flatness of other optical components. They are placed at an angle above the component as shown in Figure P36.49A, and monochromatic light is incident and observed from above, leading to interference fringes. Figure P36.49C shows the results of one of these tests. What is the approximate difference in the gap thickness between the left and right sides of the optical flat and the component? Is it possible to determine from this figure alone which side has the greater gap thickness (left or right)? Figure P36.49 Problems 49 and 50.arrow_forward
- The lens of a camera has a thin film coating designed to enhance the ability of the lens to absorb visible light near the middle of the spectrum, specifically light of wavelength 560 nm. If nair = 1.00, nfilmcoating = 1.40, and nlens = 1.55, what is the required minimum thickness of the film coating? Assume that the light is normally incident in the air medium. a. 250 nm b. 100 nm c. 150 nm d. 300 nm e. 200 nmarrow_forwardWhite light is incident at near normal on a thin film of thickness 542 nm and index of refraction n = 1.473. The film is surrounded by air on all sides. What is the shortest wavelength that will be strongly reflected in the range [300 nm, 700 nm]? Group of answer choices 355 nm 323 nm 311 nm 339 nmarrow_forwardA plano-concave lens having index of refraction 1.50 is placed on a flat glass plate as shown in Figure P36.39. Its curved surface, with radius of curvature 8.00 m, is on the bottom. The lens is illuminated from above with yellow sodium light of wavelength 589 nm, and a series of concentric bright and dark rings is observed by reflection. The interference pattern has a dark spot at the center that is surrounded by 50 dark rings, the largest of which is at the outer edge of the lens. (a) What is the thickness of the air layer at the center of the interference pattern? (b) Calculate the radius of the outermost dark ring. (c) Find the focal lengthof the lens.arrow_forward
- Figure CQ24.7 shows rays with wavelength l incident from above onto thin films surrounded by air. (a) Will the film in Figure CQ24.7a appear bright due to constructive interference or dark due to destructive interference? Indicate your answer with B for bright or D for dark. (b) Repeat part (a) for Figure CQ24.7b. (c) Repeat part (a) for Figure CQ24.7c.arrow_forwardWhite light is incident normally on a glass lens (n=1.52) that is coated with a film of MgF2 (n=1.38). For what minimum thickness of the film will the reflections at the two interfaces result in total destructive interference of yellow light of wavelength 580 nm (in air)?arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning