(a)
Interpretation:
To determine which element loses electrons and how many electrons are lost per atom in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner
transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements. - For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
(b)
Interpretation:
To determine which element gains electrons and how many electrons are gained per atom in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
(c)
Interpretation:
To determine the identity and charge on positive ions present in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
(d)
Interpretation:
To determine the identity and charge on negative ions present in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
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