Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The wrong in the given formula has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
The valence electrons of Carbon are 4 electrons (4 electrons require to achieve octet or 4 bonds).
The valence electrons of Chlorine are 7 electrons (1 electron require to achieve octet).
(b)
Interpretation:
The wrong in the given formula has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
The valence electrons of Nitrogen are 5 electrons (3 electrons require to achieve octet or 3 bonds).
The valence electrons of Hydrogen are 1 electron.
(c)
Interpretation:
The wrong in the given formula has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
The valence electrons of sulfur are 6 electrons (2 electrons require to achieve octet or 2 bonds).
The valence electrons of Hydrogen are 1 electron.
(d)
Interpretation:
The wrong in the given formula has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
The valence electrons of Carbon are 4 electrons (4 electrons require to achieve octet or 4 bonds).
The valence electrons of oxygen and sulfur are 6 electrons (2 electrons require to achieve octet or 2 bonds).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
EBK FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL, ORGANIC, A
- What qualitative effect would you expect each of the following to have on the Pgp of hemoglobin? (a) Increase in pH from 7.2 to 7.4 (b) Increase in Pco, from 20 to 40 mm Hg (c) Dissociation into monomer polypeptide chainsarrow_forwardJohann Thudichum, who practiced medicine in London about 100 years ago, also dabbled in lipid chemistry in his spare time. He isolateda variety of lipids from neural tissue and characterized and named many of them. His carefully sealed and labeled vials of isolated lipids were rediscovered many years later.(a) How would you confirm, using techniques not available to Thudichum, that the vials labeled “sphingomyelin” and “cerebroside” actually contain these compounds?(b) How would you distinguish sphingomyelin from phosphatidylcholine by chemical, physical, or enzymatic tests?arrow_forwardA) Upon entering the body, CH3H9+ reacts with cysteine to form a molecule that is able to pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Draw the structure of this molecule and purpose why it is able to pass through the BBB (Hint: think about another amino acid). B) The adduct formed in part A is very labile. On encountering selenocysteine, it can permanently inhibit it. Propose how the adduct from Part A inhibits selenocysteine and explain your answer.arrow_forward
- How many carbon (C) atoms are in C6H14N402?arrow_forwardWhat is the basis for the separation of proteins by the following techniques? (a) gel-filtration chromatography (b) affinity chromatography (c) ion-exchange chromatography (d) reverse phase HPLCarrow_forwardWhat following compound can be found with a tyrosyl unit? A) Glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol B) Sphingosine 1 -phosphate C) Glycogen D) Serotonin E) S-glutathionearrow_forward
- Which of the following is/are true about fluorescentmicroscopy?(a) Fluorescent microscopes use an infrared light source(b) Fluorochromes are sometimes necessary to visualizecellular structures or cells(c) Antibodies can be “tagged” with fluorescent mole-cules to help visualize and prove the presence of theircorresponding antigen or foreign substance, such as amicrobe in a blood sample(d) a, b, and c(e) b and c(f) None of the abovearrow_forwardChoose ALL of the charged (+1 or -1) amino acids at aqueous physiological conditions where the ph= 7.0 A) Lysine (K) B) Alanine (A) C) Asparagine (N) D) Aspartic Acid (Q) E) Proline (P) F) Histidine (H)arrow_forwardAn antibiotic that contains a β-lactam ring in its structure is:(a) Bacitracin(b) Streptomycin(c) Polymyxin(d) Penicillin(e) Tetracyclinearrow_forward
- What are four Rsarrow_forwardA research group discovers a new version of happyase, which they call happyase*, that catalyzes the chemical reaction The researchers begin to characterize the enzyme. (a) In the first experiment, with [Et] at 4 nM, they find that the Vmax is 1.6 uM/s. Based on this experiment, what is the kcat for happyase*? (Include appropriate units.) (b) In another experiment, with [Et] at 1 nM and [HAPPY] at 30 uM, the researchers find that V0 = 300 nM/s. What is the measured Km of happyase* for its substrate HAPPY? (Include appropriate units.) (c) Further research shows that the purified happyase* used in the first two experiments was actually contaminated with a reversible inhibitor called ANGER. When ANGER is carefully removed from the happyase* preparation and the two experiments repeated, the measured Vmax in (a) is increased to 4.8 uM/s, and the measured Km in (b) is now 15 uM. Based on this information, can you figure out what type of inhibitor is ANGER? (Use table 6.9 at the end of the…arrow_forwardHemoglobin is considered to be a tetrameric complex with a 64 kDa (α β)2. When attempting to purify hemoglobin, we must first purify the α and β monomers (about 16 kDa each) to prepare the tetramer. This is formed from the dimer intermediate: 2 α + 2 β -> 2 αβ -> (α β)2. The graph given represents a size-exclusion chromatogram after the refolding of the hemoglobin tetramer Using the size-exclusion chromatogram given, 1. Draw an SDS-Page Gel with a reducing agent such as BME using the three peaks listed on the graph.arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON