Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 4, Problem 9P
Answer the questions that follow for each stage of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase). If necessary, use an arrow to indicate a change that occurs during a particular cell cycle stage (for example, 1
| a. | How many chromatids comprise each chromosome during this stage? |
| b. | Is the nucleolus present? |
| c. | Is the mitotic spindle organized? |
| d. | Is the nuclear membrane present? |
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Ch. 4 - Choose the best matching phrase in the right...Ch. 4 - Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell....Ch. 4 - The figure that follows shows the metaphase...Ch. 4 - XX males who are sex-reversed because they have a...Ch. 4 - Researchers discovered recently that the sole...Ch. 4 - One oak tree cell with 14 chromosomes undergoes...Ch. 4 - Indicate which of the cells numbered iv matches...Ch. 4 - a. What are the four major stages of the cell...Ch. 4 - Answer the questions that follow for each stage of...Ch. 4 - Does any reason exist that would prevent mitosis...
Ch. 4 - One oak tree cell with 14 chromosomes undergoes...Ch. 4 - Which types of cell division mitosis, meiosis I,...Ch. 4 - Complete the following statements using as many of...Ch. 4 - The five cells shown in figure a e on the next...Ch. 4 - One of the first microscopic observations of...Ch. 4 - A person is simultaneously heterozygous for two...Ch. 4 - Assuming i that the two chromosomes in homologous...Ch. 4 - In the moss Polytrichum commune, the haploid...Ch. 4 - Does any reason exist that would prevent meiosis...Ch. 4 - Sister chromatids are held together through...Ch. 4 - The pseudoautosomal regions PARs of the X and Y...Ch. 4 - Somatic cells of chimpanzees contain 48...Ch. 4 - In humans: a. How many sperm develop from 100...Ch. 4 - Women sometimes develop benign tumors called...Ch. 4 - In a certain strain of turkeys, unfertilized eggs...Ch. 4 - Imagine you have two pure-breeding lines of...Ch. 4 - A system of sex determination known as...Ch. 4 - In Drosophila, the autosomal recessive brown eye...Ch. 4 - Barred feather pattern is a Z-linked dominant...Ch. 4 - When Calvin Bridges observed a large number of...Ch. 4 - In a vial of Drosophila, a research student...Ch. 4 - In 1919, Calvin Bridges began studying an X-linked...Ch. 4 - In Drosophila, a cross was made between a...Ch. 4 - As we learned in this chapter, the white mutation...Ch. 4 - The following is a pedigree of a family in which a...Ch. 4 - Each of the four pedigrees that follow represents...Ch. 4 - The pedigree that follows indicates the occurrence...Ch. 4 - Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is caused by a...Ch. 4 - The X-linked gene responsible for DMD encodes a...Ch. 4 - Males have hemophilia when they are hemizygous for...Ch. 4 - Consider the following pedigrees from human...Ch. 4 - Several different antigens can be detected in...Ch. 4 - The ancestry of a white female tiger bred in a...Ch. 4 - The pedigree at the bottom of the page shows the...Ch. 4 - In 1995, doctors reported a Chinese family in...Ch. 4 - In cats, the dominant 0 allele of the X-linked...Ch. 4 - In marsupials like the opposum or kangaroo, X...Ch. 4 - The pedigree diagram below shows a family in which...
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- The same chromosome can look very different depending on when in meiosis it is observed. Explain fully why this is so and also why the chromosome is less condensed during some parts of the cell cycle? How many DNA molecules does each chromosome contain at the beginning of Prophase I? Use the following terms in your explanation: chromatin, histone, chromatid, centromere.arrow_forwardDraw a diagram of the cell cycle and label the phases. On your diagram: a) For each phase, indicate whether the chromosomes are condensed or not. b) Indicate the phase(s) when it is possible to do a karyotype c) Indicate the phase-transition(s) where the cell would arrest if you add hydroxyurea.arrow_forwardPassage of cells from G1 through R to S depends on the interaction of various signal molecules, proteins and enzymes which regulate the cell cycle. Imagine I have just induced a mutation in a cell line which prevents the breakdown of the cyclin molecule we discussed. Which of the following events do you predict will happen? circle all that apply Select one or more: a. Uncontrolled cell replication may result b. Retinoblastoma protein will be continuously active c. The cells will be stuck in G1 phase d. The cells will begin to replicate their DNA e. Cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) will be continuously activearrow_forward
- 1) Examine the picture of an onion root tip with cells in various stages of the cell cycle. A student claims that interphase is the longest stage of the cell cycle. Another student claims that mitosis is the longest stage. Using evidence from the photo, determine which student is correct and why. A) Mitosis is the longest stage because anaphase requires more time to separate chromatids. B) Interphase is the longest stage because chromosomes are visible in the majority of the cells. C) Mitosis is the longest stage because the majority of the cells in the photo are replicating their DNA. D) Interphase is the longest stage because the majority of the cells in the photo have uncondensed chromatin and are not dividing. Not Gradedarrow_forwardIn mitosis, what chromatid combination(s) will be present during metaphase? What combination(s) will be present at each pole at the completion of anaphase?arrow_forwardA cat has 38 total chromosomes (19 pairs). If one cell undergoes either mitosis or meiosis, identify the number of chromosomes and chromatids present in every phase of cell cycle. Also, indicate the total number of cells after each type of cell division.arrow_forward
- consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair contains a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., Am and Ap, etc.). Using these designations, demonstrate your understanding of mitosis and meiosis by drawing chromatid combinations as requested. Be sure to indicate when chromatids are paired as a result of replication and/or synapsis. You may wish to use a large piece of brown manila wrapping paper or a large cut-up paper bag and work with another student as you deal with these problems. Such cooperative learning may be a useful approach as you solve problems throughout the text. Draw all possible combinations of chromatids during anaphase II in meiosis.arrow_forward1) What phase of mitosis is this? Answer: 2) What is the indicated structure 1? select one. a. chromosome b. chromosome with two sister chromatids c. centrioles/centrosome d. spindle fibres e. metaphase plate 3)If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many chromosomes are present? 4) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many sister chromatids are present? 5) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many homologous pairs are present?arrow_forwardPLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING: 1. In figure 1 locate the mitotic zone or region of cell division. Next, identify mitotic stages visible in figure 2. Note down visible structural changes occurring at various stages of mitosis, namely: prophase (early and late) metaphase, anaphase (early and late) and telophase (early and late). 2. Point the specific mitotic stages that can be seen in the enlarged image of onion root tip cells undergoing cell division (figure 2). 3. Search for a diagrammatic illustration of the different stages of meiosis, examine/study carefully the changes occurring in each stage. Note how these stages assemble or differ from those of mitosis. 4. Then, summarize the structural changes occurring in each stage of mitosis and meiosis in a tabular form.arrow_forward
- Differentiate (in a general sense) cell activities occuring during Interphase and the Mitotic Phase (you could use just 1 word to describe each phase):arrow_forwardRead the discussion of the cell cycle, mitosis, and cytokinesis, pages 00-4to7.In the table below, describe briefly the major events of each part of the cell cycle. (You might want to turn the table sideways so you can write the long way in each box.) Interphase M phase (mitotic cell division) G1 G2 Mitosis Cytokinesis S Prophase | Metaphase Anaphase Telophasearrow_forwardDiscuss the cell cycle with the aid of a diagram. 6-8 hours INTERPHASE Sphase DNA I replicated 6-10 hours G, phase Cell metabolically active; duplicates organelles and cytosolic components starts replicating G, phase Cell growth continues enzymes and other proteins are synthesized and replication of centrosomes is completed 46 hours Exit from cell cycle nondividing cell) centrosomes. MITOTIC (M) PHASE Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophasearrow_forward
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