INTEGRATED PRINC.OF ZOOLOGY(LL)(FD)
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781260704310
Author: HICKMAN
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL CUSTOM PUBLISHING
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 9RQ
Give an example of a final electron acceptor found in aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Why is aerobic
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DCCD (diocyclohexylcarbodiimide) inhibits oxidative phosphorylation when the substrate is mitochondrial NADH. DCCD is a drug that binds to ATP synthase and blocks proton transport through the ion channel.
a) Explain what the consequences of DCCD on cellular energy production are.
b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of DCCD and explain this effect.
Much of our understanding of ATP synthase is derived from research on aerobic bacteria. What makes these organisms useful for this research? Where do the reactions of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron-transport chain occur in these organisms?
Why would the lack of oxygen completely inhibit the Krebs cycle and the Electron Transport Chain but not glycolysis? Provide detail and reasoning.
Chapter 4 Solutions
INTEGRATED PRINC.OF ZOOLOGY(LL)(FD)
Ch. 4 - State the first and second laws of thermodynamics....Ch. 4 - Explain what is meant by free energy in a system....Ch. 4 - Many biochemical reactions proceed slowly unless...Ch. 4 - What happens in the formation of an...Ch. 4 - Explain three ways that enzymes may be regulated...Ch. 4 - What is meant by a high-energy bond, and why might...Ch. 4 - Although ATP supplies energy to an endergonic...Ch. 4 - What is an oxidation-reduction reaction and why...Ch. 4 - Give an example of a final electron acceptor found...Ch. 4 - Why must glucose be primed with a high energy...
Ch. 4 - What happens to the electrons removed during the...Ch. 4 - Why is acetyl-CoA considered a strategic...Ch. 4 - Why are oxygen molecules important in oxidative...Ch. 4 - Explain how animals can generate ATP without...Ch. 4 - Why are animal fats sometimes called the king of...Ch. 4 - The breakdown of amino acids yields two products:...Ch. 4 - Explain the relationship between the amount of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1FFT
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- match the cofactor with its function in the citric acid cycle by entering the number corresponding with the function. A given function may be used more than one time or not at all. Use from the following list of functions to fill in the table below: carries O2 carries small carbon-containing molecules carries e- carries small nitrogen-containing molecules Cofactor Function NAD+/NADH FAD/FADH2 CoA thiamine biotinarrow_forwardOxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. However, in the absence of oxygen the Kreb's cycle does not work either. Why does the Kreb cycle not proceed without oxygen when oxygen plays no direct part in its sequence of biochemical reactions? Hint: think of oxidation and reduction of electron carriers.arrow_forwardModels such as the one shown in the illustration below are often used to represent the electron transport chain. Explain why this model is well-suited to this concept. Explain why metabolic processes such as cellular respiration and photosynthesis require a multi-stage release of energy, rather than a one-step reactionarrow_forward
- Cyanide poisoning inhibits aerobic respiration at cytochrome c oxidase. Which of the following is NOT a result of cyanide poisoning at the cellular level? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d e Oxygen is reduced to water The rate of glycolysis increases Cells are forced to switch to anaerobic respiration The electron transport chain is not completed None of the above Answered K Open in Reading View ✔Posubmitarrow_forwardWe know that atmospheric oxygen (O2) can be a final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration. Name 2 other inorganic molecules that can be final electron acceptors at the end of the electron transport chain in anaerobic respiration. Name 1 organic molecule that can be a final electron acceptor in fermentation.arrow_forwardBriefly explain the mechanism by which ATP synthase produces ATP.List three locations in which ATP synthases are found.arrow_forward
- For Krebs Cycle(Citric Acid Cycle) what are steps of cellular respiration for both aerobic (oxygen present) and anaerobic (without oxygen) respiration. what are the Inputs and Outputs: Clearly indicate the key substrates, intermediates, and products at each stage. Location: Show where this stage of cellular respiration occurs within the cell (e.g., cytoplasm, mitochondria). Energy Production: Highlight the ATP and NADH production at this stage. Oxygen: Show where oxygen is used in the process (e.g., ETC) and where carbon dioxide is produced. Electron Carriers: Indicate the role of electron carriers such as NAD+ and FAD in transferring eleDiagrams: Use diagrams or icons to represent the structures and molecules involved, such as the mitochondria, glucose, ATP, and oxygen. Key Information like important facts or formulas relevant to cellular respiration, like the chemical equations for each stage.arrow_forwardDescribe the energy transformation steps that occur within an electron transport chain during the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Please include a drawing of the explanation as well.arrow_forward*Determine the ATP yield from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose under the following conditions: a) b) c) in a mammalian muscle cell carrying out anaerobic glycolysis. in Escherichia coli, an aerobic prokaryote in a mammalian brown fat cell, in which electron transport occurs without producing ATParrow_forward
- The coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+ are important electron carriers that pick up electrons from one pathway and deliver them to another. Below is a list of pathways or enzyme complexes that we have covered in class. Indicate which coenzyme these pathways or complexes produce by writing NAD+, NADP+, NADH or NADPH in the blank provided. ________ glycolysis ________ citric acid cycle ________ alcoholic fermentation ________ pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ________ gluconeogenesis ________ mitochondrial electron transport ________ photosynthesis light reactions ________ photosynthesis dark reactionsarrow_forwardName and briefly describe the major electron carriers found in cells. Why is NADH a good electron donor? Why is ferredoxin an even better electron donor?arrow_forwardThe following statements describe the path of electrons from NADH through the electron transport chain. Please arrange them in order: Cytochrome c (Fe2+) carries electrons to Complex IV. Cytochrome c (Fe3+) is reduced to cytochrome c (Fe2+) QH2 carries electrons to Complex III Oxygen is reduced to water Ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) is reduced to ubiquinol (QH2)arrow_forward
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Anaerobic Respiration; Author: Bozeman Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDC29iBxb3w;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY