Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553292
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 40, Problem 33AP
(a)
To determine
Transmission probability for
(b)
To determine
Transmission probability for quantum mechanical tunnelling of electron with energy deficit of
(c)
To determine
Transmission probability for quantum mechanical tunnelling of alpha particle with energy deficit of
(d)
To determine
Transmission probability for quantum mechanical tunnelling of a bowling ball with energy deficit of
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Calculate the transmission probability for quantum-mechanical tunneling in each of the following cases. (a) An electron with an energy deficit of U - E= 0.010 0 eV is incident on a square barrier of width L = 0.100 nm. (b) An electron with an energy deficit of 1.00 eV is incident on the same barrier. (c) An alpha particle (mass 6.64 × 10-27 kg) with an energy deficit of 1.00 MeV is incident on a square barrier of width 1.00 fm. (d) An 8.00-kg bowling ball withan energy deficit of 1.00 J is incident on a square barrier of width 2.00 cm.
An electron having total energy E = 4.50 eV approaches a rectangular energy barrier with U = 5.00 eV and L = 950 pm as shown. Classically, the electron cannot pass through the barrier because E < U. Quantum- mechanically, however, the probability of tunneling is not zero. (a) Calculate this probability, which is the transmission coefficient. (b) To what value would the width L of the potential barrier have to be increased for the chance of an incident 4.50-eV electron tunneling through the barrier to be one in one million?
The wavefunction for a quantum particle tunnelling through a potential barrier of thickness L has the form ψ(x) = Ae−Cx in the classically forbidden region where A is a constant and C is given by C^2 = 2m(U − E) /h_bar^2 .
(a) Show that this wavefunction is a solution to Schrodinger’s Equation.
(b) Why is the probability of tunneling through the barrier proportional to e ^−2CL?
Chapter 40 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 40.1QQCh. 40.2 - Prob. 40.2QQCh. 40.2 - Prob. 40.3QQCh. 40.5 - Prob. 40.4QQCh. 40 - Prob. 1PCh. 40 - Prob. 2PCh. 40 - Prob. 3PCh. 40 - Prob. 4PCh. 40 - Prob. 5PCh. 40 - Prob. 6P
Ch. 40 - Prob. 7PCh. 40 - Prob. 9PCh. 40 - Prob. 10PCh. 40 - Prob. 11PCh. 40 - Prob. 12PCh. 40 - Prob. 13PCh. 40 - Prob. 14PCh. 40 - Prob. 15PCh. 40 - Prob. 16PCh. 40 - Prob. 17PCh. 40 - Prob. 18PCh. 40 - Prob. 19PCh. 40 - Prob. 20PCh. 40 - Prob. 21PCh. 40 - Prob. 23PCh. 40 - Prob. 24PCh. 40 - Prob. 25PCh. 40 - Prob. 26PCh. 40 - Prob. 27PCh. 40 - Prob. 28PCh. 40 - Prob. 29PCh. 40 - Two particles with masses m1 and m2 are joined by...Ch. 40 - Prob. 31APCh. 40 - Prob. 32APCh. 40 - Prob. 33APCh. 40 - Prob. 34APCh. 40 - Prob. 36APCh. 40 - Prob. 37APCh. 40 - Prob. 38APCh. 40 - Prob. 39APCh. 40 - Prob. 40APCh. 40 - Prob. 41APCh. 40 - Prob. 42APCh. 40 - Prob. 44CPCh. 40 - Prob. 46CPCh. 40 - Prob. 47CP
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- An electron with kinetic energy E = 3.10 eV is incident on a barrier of width L = 0.230 nm and height U = 10.0 eV (a) What is the probability that the electron tunnels through the barrier? (Use 9.11 10-31 kg for the mass of an electron, 1.055 ✕ 10−34 J · s for ℏ, and note that there are 1.60 ✕ 10−19 J per eV.) b) What is the probability that the electron is reflected? What If? For what value of U (in eV) would the probability of transmission be exactly 25.0% and 50.0%? c) 25.0% d) 50.0%arrow_forwardA stream of electrons is of energy E is incident on a potential barrier of height U and thickness d. Even though U >> E, 5% of the electrons tunnel through the barrier. If the thickness of the barrier decrease to 0.12 d, what percentage of the electrons will tunnel through?arrow_forwardAn electron having total energy E = 4.50 eV approaches a rectangular energy barrier with U = 5.00 eV and L = 950 pm as shown in Figure P40.21. Classically, the electron cannot pass through the barrier because E < U. Quantum-mechanically, however, the probability of tunneling is not zero.(b) To what value would the width L of the potential barrier have to be increased for the chance of an incident 4.50-eV electron tunneling through the barrierto be one in one million?arrow_forward
- If STM is to detect surface features with local heights of about 0.0200 nm, what percent change in tunneling-electron current must the STM electronics be able to detect? Assume that the tunneling-electron current has characteristics given in the preceding problem.arrow_forwardA particle of mass m is confined to a box of width L. If the particle is in the first excited state, what are the probabilities of finding the particle in a region of width0.020 L around the given point x: (a) x=0.25L; (b) x=040L; (c) 0.75L and (d) x=0.90L.arrow_forwardA 12.0-eV electron encounters a barrier of height 15.0 eV. If the probability of the electron tunneling through the barrier is 2.5 %, find its width.arrow_forward
- In STM, an elevation of the tip above the surface being scanned can be determined with a great precision, because the tunneling-electron current between surface atoms and the atoms of the tip is extremely sensitive to the variation of the separation gap between them from point to point along the surface. Assuming that the tunneling-electron current is in direct proportion to the tunneling probability and that the tunneling probability is to a gotxi approximation expressed by the exponential function e2L with =10.0/nm , determine the ratio of the tunneling current when the tip is 0.500 nm above the surface to the current when the tip is 0.515 nm above the surface.arrow_forwardSuppose a wave function is discontinuous at some point. Can this function represent a quantum state of some physical particle? Why? Why not?arrow_forwardA 6.0-eV electron impacts on a barrier with height 11.0 eV. Find the probability of the electron to tunnel through the barrier if the barrier width is (a) 0.80 nm and (b) 0.40 nm.arrow_forward
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